Forging new generations of engineers Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Forging new generations of engineers Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

GEARS

Presentation Objectives Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Presentation Objectives Identify parts of the gear trainer Identify gears Identify gear terminology Identify tooth terminology Identify gear purpose Determine RPM Determine torque Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Gear Trainer Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Gear Trainer Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

What is a Gear? A gear is a toothed wheel Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms What is a Gear? A gear is a toothed wheel Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Spur Gear

Worm Gear Drive

Bevel Gears

Crossed Helical Gear

Harmonic Gear

Planetary Gear Train

Car Differential

Car Differential

Gear Terminology Gear - A toothed wheel Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Gear Terminology Gear - A toothed wheel Drive Gear - The gear which produces the input Driven Gear - The gear which produces the output Chain Drive - Combines the sprocket and chain that mesh together to produce a positive mechanical force Gear Ratio - The description of the mechanical advantage obtained through the use of rotating devices Mechanical Advantage - An output increase determined by comparing the input revolutions per minute (RPM) to the output revolutions per minute (RPM) Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Gear Terminology Pulley - A wheel used to transmit power by means of a band, belt, cord, or rope Torque - The turning effort that causes something to rotate. If torque produces rotation, then work is done Wheel - A lever that is rotated 360 degrees around an axle Work - The ability of force to travel through a distance Gear Train - A series of two or more meshed gears used to increase or decrease the RPM, torque, or direction of rotation of the output gear. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Gear Terminology Compound Gear Train Simple Gear Train Worm Gear Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Gear Terminology Compound Gear Train Simple Gear Train Worm Gear Miter Gear Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Spur Gear Terminology Involute Profile Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Spur Gear Terminology Involute Profile Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Spur Gear - Tooth Parts

Gear Tooth Size Called Diametral Pitch

Purpose of a Gear Energy Transmission Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Purpose of a Gear Energy Transmission In the proper combination can be used to increase or decrease speed and torque Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Gear Rotations With two gears, the output of the driven gear will rotate in the opposite direction of the drive gear With more than two gears, every other gear will rotate in the same direction (ie. Gears 1, 3, 5 will rotate clockwise and gears 2, 4 will rotate counter clockwise)

Determining Gear Rpm Driving Gear Teeth Driven Gear Teeth Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Determining Gear Rpm Driving Gear Teeth Driven Gear Teeth X Driving Gear RPM = RPM of Driven gear Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms What Is Torque? The turning effort (measured in inch-pounds or foot-pounds) that causes something to rotate. When torque produces rotation, then work is done. Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Determining Torque Power Out = Power In Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Determining Torque Power Out = Power In 1HP at 100 rpm=1/2 HP at 200 rpm 1 HP at 200 rpm = 2 HP at 100 rpm Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Importance Modern Multi Speed Bicycles Automobiles Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Importance Modern Multi Speed Bicycles Automobiles Construction Equipment Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Also Recreation (fishing) Timing Gears Principles of EngineeringTM Unit 4 - Lesson 4.1 - Mechanisms Also Recreation (fishing) Timing Gears Efficient Transportation (sprocket system) Project Lead The Way, Inc. Copyright 2007

Car 3 Speed Transmission

Gear Facts The rpm of the larger gear is always slower than the rpm of the smaller gear. Mating gears always turn in the opposite direction. Gears locked together on the same shaft will always turn in the same direction and at the same rpm. Mating gears always have the same size teeth (diametral pitch). The gear ratio between mating gears is the ratio between the number of teeth, the pitch diameters and the rpms.

Gear Review What is a gear? Name 4 different types of gears. What is torque and rpm? What is diametral pitch & how is it shown? List 10 places where gears are used.