Common experimental groups and drug-effect profiles in assays of pain-related CPA. (A–D) Common conditioning regimens in each of the two compartments of.

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Common experimental groups and drug-effect profiles in assays of pain-related CPA. (A–D) Common conditioning regimens in each of the two compartments of a place-conditioning apparatus during conditioning. Common experimental groups and drug-effect profiles in assays of pain-related CPA. (A–D) Common conditioning regimens in each of the two compartments of a place-conditioning apparatus during conditioning. The circle with slash indicates the control treatment (e.g., no treatment or vehicle administration), PS is the pain stimulus treatment, and drug is the test-drug treatment. (E–H) Common drug-effect profiles produced by each of these conditioning regimens, and possible interpretations of each drug-effect profile are also shown in each panel. Abscissae are the conditioning regimen as shown in (A) through (D). Ordinates show aversion/preference scores expressed as time in the main treatment-paired compartment after conditioning minus time in that compartment before conditioning. Bars below and above the abscissa indicate a CPA or CPP, respectively. S. Stevens Negus Pharmacol Rev 2019;71:225-266 Copyright © 2019 by The Author(s)‏