Describe the purpose of colonization in complete sentences. Bell Work Describe the purpose of colonization in complete sentences.

The Constitution Subtitle

The Preamble We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Article 1

Congress = Legislature Legislature makes laws Section 1 - Legislature Congress = Legislature Legislature makes laws It is bicameral (2 chambers) Senate and House of Representatives

Section 2 – House of Representatives Elected every 2 years To serve 25 years old Citizen 7 years Live in state represented Appointed based on population A vacant seat calls for a special state election Only House can impeach, and it chooses its majority leader.

Each state gets 2, terms last 6 years Section 3 – The Senate Each state gets 2, terms last 6 years 1/3 of Senate is elected every other year To serve… 30 years, Citizen 9 years, Resident of state VP is head, but can only vote in tie Senate Pro tem leads if VP is absent Only Senate can hold impeachment trial If found guilty of impeachment trial, removed from office.

Section 4 – Congressional Elections States set up elections for Congress, but Congress sets rules. Congress must meet at least 1 time per year.

Section 5 – Rules/Procedures Requires a certain amounts of votes Uses Parliamentary Procedure. They must publish records Both chambers must work at the same time

Section 6 - Payment Congress sets its own pay Can’t be arrested for opinion/votes People in Executive or Judicial branch can’t be in Legislative.

Section 7 – How a Bill Becomes A Law You have a picture

Section 8 – Powers Granted to Congress Power to tax and control budget May go into debt Regulate interstate commerce (between states) Regulate immigration and bankruptcies Coin money and set value Punish counterfeiters Establish Post offices and patent laws

Section 8 Cont’d 9. Set up lower level courts 10. Punish pirates 11. Declare war 12. Raise and support armies 13. Provide a navy 14. Set up rules for armed forces 15. Call out militia (National Guard) 16. States set militia personnel

Section 8 Cont’d 17. Create a capital outside of states (Wash. D.C.) 18. Elastic Clause – “Necessary and Proper” clause - This gives Congress powers that may not be state in the Constitution, but are needed by the federal government. (Called implied powers.)

Section 9 – Slavery, Clause 1 Banned attempts to outlaw international slavery (buying from outside U.S.) by 1808. Slaves were sold within the U.S.

Section 9 – Slavery, Clause 2 Cannot suspend habeas corpus (bring the body to the court) No ex post facto laws (after the fact) No direct tax Congress can’t tax states unequally Congress controls money and spending Cannot grant titles of nobility

States can’t have dealing w/ foreign nations independently Section 10 States can’t have dealing w/ foreign nations independently States can’t place tariffs (tax on imports) on other states States can’t start wars or run armies.

The Executive Article 2

Section 1 President serves 4 year terms (and VP) Electoral College is based on pop. of each state. The VP was the 2nd place candidate Congress sets date for Presidential elections To serve… 35 years old Natural citizen Lives inside U.S. for 14 years straight Presidential succession (when President dies) President’s salary Oath for President

Judicial Branch Article 3

Supreme Court leads the Judicial branch Circle 1 Supreme Court leads the Judicial branch Supreme Court justices serve life long terms

Federal courts involve federal laws and disputes between states. Circle 2 Federal courts involve federal laws and disputes between states. Original jurisdiction in cases involving states Trials for crimes must involve jury

Treason verdicts require 2 eye witnesses. Circle 3 Treason verdicts require 2 eye witnesses. Cannot punish relatives/descendents of convicts of treason.

Relations Among States Article 4

Section 1 Each state has to recognize the laws, records, and court rulings in other states. “Full Faith and Credit Clause”

States can’t discriminate against residents of other states. Section 2 States can’t discriminate against residents of other states. Extradition – requires states to capture fugitives and send them to the state they are wanted in. Fugitive slaves were under this category.

Territories may become equal states. Section 3 Territories may become equal states. Congress directly controls territories until they are states.

Each state must have a representative government. Section 4 Each state must have a representative government. The federal gov’t must protect ALL states.

Amending the Constitution Article 5

Amendments are proposed by 2/3 vote in both chambers of Congress, then go to the state legislatures. ¾ state legislatures are required to approve the amendment.

Supremacy of the National Government Article 6

Debts from the Articles of Confederation go to the national gov’t Federal Gov’t Debts from the Articles of Confederation go to the national gov’t Laws in the Constitution trump state laws All gov’t officials must swear an oath to support the Constitution

Ratification Article 7

Ratifying the Constitution 9/13 must ratify the Constitution to replace the Articles of Confederation.

Wrap Up

Pick one of the first three articles How is the Constitution an improvement over the Articles of Confederation. Give me examples of the differences between the two.