Nirupama Ramkumar, Donald E. Kohan Kidney International

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The (pro)renin receptor: an emerging player in hypertension and metabolic syndrome Nirupama Ramkumar, Donald E. Kohan Kidney International Volume 95, Issue 5, Pages 1041-1052 (May 2019) DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.042 Copyright © 2019 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Basic biology of the (pro)renin receptor (PRR). (a) Simplified schematic of the PRR protein, (b) prorenin/renin-dependent PRR function, and (c) prorenin/renin-independent PRR function. Binding of the prorenin to the full-length or soluble PRR (sPRR) induces nonproteolytic activation of prorenin to cleave angiotensinogen, whereas binding of renin to full-length or sPRR increases catalytic efficiency. Independent of angiotensin II (Ang-II), binding of prorenin/renin to the PRR activates intracellular signaling pathways. AGT, angiotensinogen; Ang-I, angiotensin I; ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase; ERK1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; PLZF, promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger; p38 MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase. Kidney International 2019 95, 1041-1052DOI: (10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.042) Copyright © 2019 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Organ-specific functions of the (pro)renin receptor (PRR). SNS, sympathetic nervous system; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells. Kidney International 2019 95, 1041-1052DOI: (10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.042) Copyright © 2019 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions