The Speed of Sound & Mach #

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Presentation transcript:

The Speed of Sound & Mach # Textbook: 13.1, 13.2, 14.7 Homework: Worksheet Discuss: is Sound a wave? - Is it caused by vibrations? (Demo: Tuning fork and water) - Does it transmit energy? (Demo: Decibel meter???) - Travel around corners? (Demo: go outside) - Pass through each other? - Reflect - Does it require a medium? (Demo: bell in a vacuum) - Does it interfere? (Demo: Noise reduction headphones) Discuss: What kind of wave is sound?

Sound as a Wave Demo: Oscilloscope Demo: LoggerPro frequency analysis

Sound as a Wave Sound is a longitudinal pressure wave Pitch = Frequency Volume = Amplitude Quality is a measure of the complexity of the wave Low quality = One frequency High quality = Fundamental frequency with overtones Demo: Oscilloscope Demo: LoggerPro frequency analysis

The Speed of Sound The speed of sound v (m/s) at sea level depends on the temperature T (C) of the air: Pg. 449 #3 Discuss: Speed depends on medium and not on the source of the sound Demo: Video of jet breaking the sound barrier

The Speed of Sound The speed of sound v (m/s) at sea level depends on the temperature T (C) of the air: Pg. 449 #3 Discuss: Speed depends on medium and not on the source of the sound Demo: Video of jet breaking the sound barrier

Mach Mach number is a way of measuring speed in multiples of vs. vo = speed of object, vs = speed of sound Note: As vs changes so to will the Mach number Ex. pg. 454 #1, 3

Mach Mach number is a way of measuring speed in multiples of vs. vo = speed of object, vs = speed of sound Mach # < 1: Subsonic Mach # > 1: Supersonic Mach # > 5: Hypersonic Note: As vs changes so to will the Mach number Ex. pg. 454 #1, 3

1. What is the speed of a plane flying at Mach a) 2.1 and 3°C? b) 0.4 and 35°C? 2. Convert the speeds in Question 1 to km/h. 3. Describe the process of a sound barrier forming. What happens when the object finally breaks through the sound barrier? Is a sonic boom necessarily going to occur?