General Characters of Bacillus spp Very large Gram positive bacilli ,Arranged in long chains Motile except B. anthracis Spore forming (outside the.

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Presentation transcript:

General Characters of Bacillus spp Very large Gram positive bacilli ,Arranged in long chains Motile except B. anthracis Spore forming (outside the host) Capsulated (inside the host) Non Fastidious Facultative anaerobic Catalase positive It is found in soil habitats

Disease Caused by B. anthracis Anthrax Anthrax is an acute infectious disease in man & animal caused by the spore-forming B. anthracis. Anthrax is zoonotic disease Anthrax is occupational disease Direct person-to-person spread of anthrax is extremely unlikely to occur.

Types of Anthrax Cutanoues Anthrax (on the skin) Pneumonic Anthrax (Respiratory infection ) Intestinal Anthrax (Gastrointestinal infection )

B. cereus B. cereus is a normal inhabitant of soil Also isolated from food such as grains and spices B. cereus causes Two Types of food poisoning

Identification of Bacillus Spp. 1-Cultural Characteristics Grow on nutrient Agar Growth on Blood Agar 2-Gram Stain 3-Spore Stain 4-Catalase Test 5-Starch Hydrolysis- (Amylase Activity )

Identification of Bacillus Spp. Cultural Characteristics Grow on nutrient Agar •Grow aerobically at 37C with characteristic mucoid or smooth colonies, which indicates the pathogensity of organism (presence of capsule)

Growth on Blood Agar Bacillus species grow well on blood agar showing a double zone of hemolysis B. anthracis, which grows well on blood agar without any hemolytic effect.

B. cereus B. anthracis

Gram Stain Gram positive - bacilli (road) Found in chains

Spore Stain 1.Make a heat fixed smear of Bacillus 2.Place the slide on the slide rack 3.Cover the smear with malachite green stain 4.Apply heat for 3-5 min without boiling and drying of the slide 5.Wash the slide gently in running water . 6.Counterstain with safranin for one minute 7.Gently rinse with water 8.Gently blot the slide dry, no rubbing, and let it air dry and examine with oil immersion optics. 9.Observe red vegetative cells and sporangia, and green endospores and free spores

Spore Stain Bacillus spores are oval & central By spore staining technique (Malachite green & safranin) , the spore appears green while the vegetative cells appear red.

All Bacillus species are catalase positive Catalase Test All Bacillus species are catalase positive

Starch hydrolysis (+) / amylase Activity