Congress #6B Expressed Powers

Quick Review Malapportionment Gerrymander 1 Congressional district has 500,000 people, a nearby Congressional district has 750,000 people 1 Congressional district is primarily Republicans, a nearby congressional district has primarily Democrats

Expressed / Enumerated Powers: written in Constitution Definitions Expressed / Enumerated Powers: written in Constitution

Payroll taxes – Social Security Income taxes Expressed Powers Tax & Spend Payroll taxes – Social Security Income taxes

Debt: Total amount owed Borrow Deficit Spending: spend more than earned in revenue (money coming in / taxes) in a given period In one month earned $1000, but spent $1200 – what is your deficit? Debt: Total amount owed If you continue to overspend by $200 per month for a year, what is your debt?

Commerce Intrastate Commerce: inside 1 state Power of State Interstate: between two + states Power of Congress

More Powers Currency – legal tender Foreign Relations & War Powers: Raise a military Declare war!

More Powers Naturalization – citizenship and immigration Bankruptcy: judges decide if one cannot repay debt

And some more… Postal Power: Post Office Copyrights & Patents Copyright: work of art Patent: invention Weights & Measures: standardized

And so, what can Congress not do? And the rest… Judicial Power: Congress determines the size & structure of the federal courts And so, what can Congress not do?

Congress #7 Implied Powers

Matching Commerce Expressed Power Senate House of Reps. Bicameral 2 houses 435 members who serve 2 year terms Things that are written in the Constitution Business 100 members who serve 6 year terms

McCullough v. Maryland (1819) Congress created a national bank Not an expressed power Many thought it was unconstitutional

SC’s Decision Supreme Court = bank is legal Const. says: Congress can do things that are “necessary & proper” to carry out their laws aka the elastic clause of the Const.

McCullough’s Impact Implied powers: Congress can do things related to their expressed powers

Implied Powers Chart Expressed Power Naturalization Implied Power Citizenship test Passport Border fence

CHART continues Raise a military Patents & Copyrights Draft Pirating laws FBI warning at the beginning of movies

The Stretch-iest of all! Interstate Commerce Drugs Minimum wage laws Regulate the environment

How do commerce & environment relate? If one state has a lot of pollution, it will affect the commerce of that state. Fewer people will want to go there. Thus, less buying and selling of goods in that state.

Cong #9: Non-Legislative Power Quick Review: Matching  Expressed Power Implied Power Deficit Debt Bankruptcy Necessary & Proper Clause Power to tax Draft Elastic Clause Total amount owed Can’t repay debt Overspend in a given period

Non-Legislative Powers Impeachment: officially charged w/ “treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors” HR impeaches S holds trial & can remove them from office President, VP, federal judges

Impeached!

More POWER! Investigate Steroids & Baseball Bank bailout Oversight Make sure govt agencies spend money appropriately

Senate’s Powers Confirm Appointments President nominates federal judges, ambassadors, and others S confirms Ratify Treaty Pres negotiates treaty S ratifies