Enzymes

Enzymes Protein that acts as catalyst in an organism to speed up reactions

Enzymes Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy required

Enzymes Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy required

Enzymes Lower activation energy = less time needed for reaction

Enzyme Shape Enzymes have specific shapes that allow them to do their function (like all proteins)

Substrate Particle upon which enzyme is acting

Active Site Where substrate and enzyme bond Active site has specific shape that can only receive 1 specific substrate

Active Site

Lock and Key Fit Model Substrate and enzyme bond with exact matching shapes; lock and key specificity

Induced Fit Model Substrate has similar but not exact shape as active site; enzyme conforms to substrate (like a glove conforming to a hand)

Cofactors and Coenzymes Cofactor – non-protein that helps fill inactive site Often metal ions (copper, heme) Coenzyme – protein that helps fill active site Often derived from vitamins

Cofactors and Coenzymes

Enzymes are Reusable! After a reaction, an enzyme can be reused Just like after using scissors to catalyze the cutting of paper, the scissors can be reused