Theories of Language Acquisition

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
How Children Acquire Language
Advertisements

Language Acquisition Beginnings of Language Development.
Language Special form of communication in which we learn complex rules to manipulate symbols that can be used to generate an endless number of meaningful.
Language and Symbolic Development. Symbols Systems for representing and conveying information 1 thing is used to stand for something else e.g. numbers,
Language Development Major Questions: 1) What is language/what is involved in language? 2) What are the stages of language development? 3) Is language.
1. What can your brain do that goes beyond memory?
X Language Acquisition
Chapter 9: Language and Communication. Chapter 9: Language and Communication Chapter 9 has four modules: Module 9.1 The Road to Speech Module 9.2 Learning.
Language.  Our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them as we think and communicate  Human essence: the qualities of the mind are.
© 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Instructor name Class Title, Term/Semester, Year Institution Introductory Psychology Concepts Language.
Chapter 10 - Language 4 Components of Language 1.Phonology Understanding & producing speech sounds Phoneme - smallest sound unit Number of phonemes varies.
Language Language – our spoken, written or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning.
First Language Acquisition Chapter 14
Chapter 5 Cognitive development in infancy and toddlerhood (birth – 2 years)
1st Language Acquisition How do humans acquire speech.
CHILD LANGUAGE ACQUISITION By BF. CHILD LANGUAGE ACQUISITION IS… How children learn and acquire language.
A means of communication.
Language.
LIN 5700 Applied Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition Session Notes Dr. Elia Vázquez-Montilla.
:Objectives  Know the language system a child of the age 5 acquire.  List the issues that are related to 1L acquisition.  Explain the theories that.
How do children learn language?
{ Main Stages of Language Development AICE A-Level Language.
Three perspectives of language development Behaviorist Nativist Interactionist.
First Language Acquisition. It is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use.
First language Acquisition Chapter 14 Ms. Abrar Mujaddidi.
Welcome to the flashcards tool for ‘The Study of Language, 5 th edition’, Chapter 13 This is designed as a simple supplementary resource for this textbook,
Chapter 10 Language acquisition Language acquisition----refers to the child’s acquisition of his mother tongue, i.e. how the child comes to understand.
REQUIREMENTS: A child must interact with other language users. A child must have the physical ability to send and receive information. P149.
Language Development. Is there such a thing as “photographic memory”? How is eidetic memory different? What happens to eidetic memory as one grows older?
1 Prepared by: Laila al-Hasan. 2 language Acquisition This lecture concentrates on the following topics: Language and cognition Language acquisition Phases.
During the first 6 months of life, a baby’s vocalisations are dominated by crying, cooing, and laughter, which have limited value as a mean of communication.
Language Development Lyssa & Susan. Early Communication  Communication begins with senses and motor skills  The most obvious sense for language is audition.
The development of speech production
Chapter 1 Language learning in early childhood
Chapter 2 First Language Acquisition
PSYC 206 Lifespan Development Bilge Yagmurlu.
Child Psychology~Psy 235 Language Development.
LANE 432 Lecture 2 Ch.1.
Language Acquisition Ms. Carmelitano.
Language.
Second Language Acquisition
Theories of Language Development
Beginnings of Language Development
Telegraphic speech: two- and three-word utterances
Chapter 1 Beginnings of Communication
Its all about communication!!!
Language 8.4.
Acquisition & Theories
Unit 7 Cognition.
Overview Cognitive development Core knowledge
Do Now Do you think children should be taught multiple languages? Why or why not?
Acquisition & Theories
Its all about communication!!!
Do Now Do you think children should be taught multiple languages? Why or why not?
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT.
Intellectual development of infants
Development of Language
How children learn language
Quaid –e- azam university
Language.
First Language Acquisition
Introduction Dr. Mahmoud Altarabin.
How does language develop?
STAGES OF FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
Thought as the basis of speech comprehension
Chapter 10 Language and Thought.
Beginnings of Language Development
Stages of Language Development.
© Richard Goldman October 31, 2006
Psychology Chapter 8 Section 5: Language.
Presentation transcript:

Theories of Language Acquisition Behaviorism Innateness

Behaviorism Language acquisition depends on human role models, imitation, rewards and practice. The behaviorist theory of stimulus-response learning considers all learning to be the establishment of habits as a result of reinforcement and reward

Innateness is a linguistic theory of language acquisition which holds that at least some knowledge about language exists in humans at birth

Language acquisition  Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language.  Language acquisition also looks at how people produce and use words and sentences to communicate.

Stages of Language Acquisition

The development of speech production

From vocalization to babbling to speech Prior to uttering speech sounds, infants make a variety of sounds – crying, cooing, gurgling. All infants make the same variety of sounds, even children who are born deaf.

Infants do not learn how to utter such sounds thus appear to be unlearned. Around the seventh month, children begin to babble, to produce repeated syllables (‘syllabic reduplication’), Examples, ‘baba’, ‘momo’, ‘panpan’.

Consonant + Vowel + Consonant Most syllables are of the basic Consonant + Vowel type (‘baba’ and ‘momo’). However, some consist of closed syllables Consonant + Vowel + Consonant Example: panpan. Children in all studied languages produce such structure of repeated syllables.

Babbling to speech Babbling is non-intentional. This stage normally occurs at around the first year of age. It can occur much earlier or much later. When children begin to utter words, only some of the sounds that they have uttered in babbling appear in speech.

Acquisition order of consonants and vowels Consonants are acquired in a front-to-back order. ‘Front’ and ‘back’ here refer to the origin of the production of the sound.

Sounds like /m/, /p/, /b/, /t/, and /d/ are pronounced before /k/. Vowels are acquired in a back-to-front order. /a/ in /tall/ preceding /i/ (meet).

Early speech stages Naming Naming: one-word utterances Question: When do children start to say their first words? There is no definite age for that. Why? Because there are individual differences.

The simple uttering of speech sounds by the child, as in saying ‘mama’, may or may not indicate word knowledge. Children learn their first word when: They are able to utter a recognizable speech form; and In presence if an object or event in the environment.

The speech form may be imperfect, e.g. ‘da’ for ‘daddy’. First words have been reported as appearing in children from as young as 4 months to as old as 18 months or older. Generally speaking, children utter their first word around the age of 10 or 12 months.

Some of this difference is related to physical development. Certain brain development is also involved since the creation of speech sounds.

Normally, children first use nouns as proper nouns to refer to specific objects.

Holophrastic function: one-word utterances Children use single words to refer to objects; express complex thoughts that involve those objects.

Example: A young child who has lost its mother in a shop may cry out ‘mama’, which means ‘I want mama’.

The young child can express a variety of semantic functions and complex ideas by the use of single words. The child thus uses a single word to express the thought for which mature speakers will use a whole sentence. One-word speech is often referred to as ‘holophrastic’ because one word functions as a sentence.

Telegraphic speech Two- and three-word utterances Next class Telegraphic speech Two- and three-word utterances