15. Human-Computer Interaction
THE TROUBLE WITH COMPUTERS AND SOFTWARE DESIGN
Design Criteria for Usable Software Efficiency Accuracy Learnability Memorability satisfaction
SOFTWARE DESIGN CYCLE: UNDERSTAND, DESIGN, AND EVALUATE
UNDERSTAND SYSTEM AND USER CHARACTERISTICS
Functionality -- creeping featurism Balance btn functionality and ease of use Frequency of use Mandatory vs. discretionary use The knowledge level of the user
DESIGN USING THEORIES AND MODELS
Seven Stages of Action (Norman, 1986) Figure 15.2 Bridging the gulf of execution and gulf of evaluation
Models of User Performance for Design: GOMS Card, Moran, & Newell (1983) Model Human Processor
Models of User Performance for Design: GOMS
DESIGN TO SUPPORT MENTAL MODELS WITH CONCEPTUAL MODELS AND METAPHORS
Making invisible parts and processes visible to the user Providing feedback Building in consistency Presenting functionality through a familiar metaphor
DESIGN USING PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES
General Usability Guidelines
Basic Screen Design Dialog Style Menus Fill-in forms Question-answer Command language Function keys Direct manipulation Natural language
DESIGN OF USER SUPPORT
EVALUATE WITH USABILITY HEURISTICS
EVALUATE WITH USABILITY TESTS AND METRICS
Prototypes Usability Metrics
Number of Users and Data Interpretation Pitfalls of Usability Testing
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Hypertext, Hypermedia, and the Internet Information Database Access Mediated retrieval Intelligent agents Spatially organized database Virtual and Augmented Reality Affective Computing