Polypropylene Pipe (PP) ACPA Pipe School Houston Texas Barry Bauer PE, LEEP AP Oldcastle Precast

PP Pipe Today, what is the story? What is the latest on the Street? National Specifications Manufacturing and Product Testing Product Characteristics & Properties Joint Performance Installation Structures Repairs Fittings Questions

What is the market hearing? Provide cost savings Higher pipe stiffness than PVC Significantly improved joint tightness Highly impact resistant (except w Modified BB test) Resistant to UV degradation Longitudinal strength Single or Double Gaskets New AASHTO spec Best product ever Easier to install Extended Bell/Spigot w dual gaskets Multiple varieties

National Specifications ASTM F- 2736 – (6”- 30”) Dual Wall PP for Sanitary and Storm Drain Applications ASTM F- 2764 – (30” - 60”)Triple Wall PP for Sanitary Sewer Applications ASTM F 2881 – (36” – 60”) Dual Wall PP for Storm Drain Applications AASHTO M330-13 – (12” - 60”) Dual Wall PP for Storm Drain Applications (latest spec approval for PP) ASTM F477 – Elastomeric Gasket (like ASTM C1619 for RCP) ASTM D2412 – Pipe Stiffness Test ASTM D3212 – Water-Tight (resistant) Joint Lab Test ASTM F2487 – Water-Tight (resistant) Joint Field Test ASTM D2321 – Installation Methods

Dual Wall vs. Triple Wall PP 12”- 30” Dual Wall Polypropylene Pipe for Sanitary or Storm Extended Ceramic Polymer Reinforced Bell Double Gasket on Spigot Thicker wall cross-section Minimum 46 PII Stiffness for all sizes except for storm 30” – 60” Triple Wall Polypropylene Pipe for Sanitary Minimum 46 PII Stiffness for all sizes 5

Sanitary ASTM Standard Specs ASTM F – 2764 Manufactured with highly advanced polypropylene resin for 30”– 60” sizes. Triple wall construction provides a smooth interior and exterior wall design supported by a corrugated structural core. Provides improved stiffness Greater beam strength Minimizes Deflection Enhances performance Improves Jobsite durability Arguably, simplifies backfill installation ASTM F – 2736 Pipe manufactured in diameters 6”– 30” and is made of a dual-wall construction which provides a smooth interior (Also used for Storm spec). Results in superior stiffness Improved beam strength.

Storm AASHTO / ASTM Standard Specs ASTM F- 2736 – (6”- 30”) Dual Wall PP for Sanitary and Storm Drain Applications ASTM F 2881 – (36” – 60”) Dual Wall PP for Storm Drain Applications AASHTO M330-13 – (12” - 60”) Dual Wall PP for Storm Drain Applications (latest spec approval for PP) My suggestion – KNOW it and OWN it along w AASHTO M294

PP Pipe Manufacturing Extrusion Process Seamless & Monolithic Same Manufacturing Platform as HDPE Pipe 12”-30” on Type VII 36”-60” on Dross 1800 + Special Downstream Equipment Standard 13 & 20 ft Lengths, 12”-48” 60” =16’ & 20’ only

Design Elements Design LRFD Structural Analysis: AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications – Section 12 Buried Structures Design Elements Section Properties Material Properties Pipe/Soil Interaction Loading Conditions Design LRFD Wall Thrust Deflection Buckling Bending Strain Combined Strain 9

Third Party Testing Design Analysis Utah State University Ohio University Timothy J McGrath, PhD (formerly w Simpson, Gumpertz & Heger) 10

Utah State University Testing

Raw Material PP Resin Technology Impact co-polymer polypropylene (PP) material (ASTM D4101) PP has been used for sewer pipe in Europe since 1970’s PP provides unique balance of stiffness, flexibility & impact resistance Provides necessary flexibility to shed load over pipe Meets pipe stiffness criteria for sanitary industry Greater stiffness & beam strength than HDPE Greater impact resistance than PVC

Raw Material & Pipe Color Raw material is opaque Add grey color concentrate to… Provide UV protection Differentiate from HDPE storm pipe Enhance post installation visual inspection

SaniTite HP (Sanitary & Storm) PP Pipe Stiffness Diameters : 12”- 30” Dual-Wall Greater pipe stiffness reduces deflection (old news) PS 46 PII Industry Standard for Sanitary Pipe Stiffness (lbs/inch/inch)

SaniTite HP (Sanitary) PP Pipe Stiffness Diameters : 30” – 60” Triple-Wall Greater pipe stiffness reduces deflection PS 46 PII Industry Standard Pipe Stiffness (lbs/inch/inch)

PP Pipe Stiffness Comparisons Storm and Sanitary Modulus of Elasticity, E values E = 110 KSI for HDPE E = 170 KSI for PP E = 380 KSI for PVC Minimum Stiffness Values for Flexible Pipes by Size and Source (PII) DIA (IN) Storm/SanitaryPVC (1) Storm HDPE (2) PP (3) PP (4) PP Sanitary (5) 60 N/A 15 19 30 46 48 20 25 35 42 21 27 36 22.5 29 40 24 34 44 50 Notes: 1. PVC per Manufacturer Literature 2. HDPE values per AASHTO M295 3. PP Storm per AASHTO MP 21 4. PP Dual Wall Storm per Manufacturer Literature 5. PP Sanitary Triple Wall per Manufacturer Literature

Fill Heights & Backfill Materials HDPE PP for Storm PP for Sanitary

Installation for PP (and HDPE) per Manufacture* BACKFILL MATERIAL Material selection is the first and most important step to creating a structurally sound backfill envelope. In general, backfill material should be of an aggregate nature, able to be compacted, if necessary, into a structurally sound structure. A variety of materials, including some native soils, meet these requirements. *Source: Plastic Manufacturer Standard Installation Guide – May 2012

Pipe Stiffness Triple Wall Profile = Longitudinal Beam Strength Easier to handle & install Reduces sags / misalignment in line & grade Still a light weight product 19

Joint Design for Sanitary Extended bell & double gasketed spigot Provides larger sealing area lowering the risk leaks due to construction errors and joint offsets ~14 inches vs. ~7 inches for standard PP and HDPE Allows for increase in Water-Tight pressure test per ASTM 3212 – from 10.8 psi to 15 psi The new product utilizes an extended bell with double gaskets. This provides additional sealing area to guard against construction inadequacies and joint offset. The second gasket provides a safety factor to guard against leakage and infiltration both during and after installation. The joint is testable to the ASTM D3212 standard in the laboratory and in the field, ASTM F2487 which is the hydrostatic test, and ASTM F1417 which is an air test. ASTM F1417 designates a pressure test to 3.5 psi. This can be dangerous on larger diameter pipe. All of these testing procedures are intended for sanitary applications. 20

Joint Lab Performance PP is Lab Testable to 15 psi per ASTM D3212 Standards HDPE is 10.8 psi per ASTM D3212 in Lab Test minimum Sanitary sewer applications, low head irrigation systems and high water table applications typically require a water-tight performance level. The ADS N-12 water-tight pipe incorporates a polymer band fused to the bell at the manufacturing plant for stiffness and strength. The band is non-metallic, so it won’t rust or corrode, and is bonded integrally to the bell so temperature variations will not affect joint performance. This joint is certified by independent lab testing per D ASTM 3212 to 25’ of head. In the field, the joints can be tested to sanitary sewer levels, several psi, which is much higher than storm drains systems normally require. The amount a joint can be “pulled” to accommodate minor bends is slightly less than for silt-tight systems

Joint Assembly

RCP & PVC Oversized Bell Joint Assembly Inline Bell RCP & PVC Oversized Bell You will see this in every presentation ever done by the plastic folks!!!

Standard Installation for PP - same as HDPE, PVC and SRPE National Specification State / Provincial / Local Specifications ASTM D2321 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications Site Specific AASHTO Section 30 - Thermoplastic Pipe CSA B1800 Standards - Thermoplastic Pipe There are two standards used for the installation of corrugated HDPE pipe. One is an AASHTO specification, Section 30 of the Bridge Construction Specifications. The other is an ASTM standard, ASTM D 2321 “Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications.” This ASTM standard is typically used for most applications, and as such, we will concentrate our discussion today on these provisions. For Sanitary sewer the installations tend to be of higher quality and usually require backfill with crushed stone or a granular backfill material such as a class 1. ASTM 2321 provides recommendations for the soils, embedment, trench widths and procedures required for the installation of buried thermoplastic pipe. These recommendations are intended to ensure a stable underground environment for thermoplastic pipe under a wide range of service conditions. SaniTite HP , N-12 HP recommended installation

Storm Installation for PP BACKFILL MATERIAL Material selection is the first and most important step to creating a structurally sound backfill envelope. In general, backfill material should be of an aggregate nature, able to be compacted, if necessary, into a structurally sound structure. A variety of materials, including some native soils, meet these requirements. Source: Plastic Manufacturer Standard Installation Guide – May 2012

Differences in Installation for PP, HDPE, PVC or SRPE ??? ??? Source: Plastic Manufacturer Standard Installation Guide – May 2012

WT Structure Connections Structure Connections NPC KOR-N-SEAL Compression fit to structure Z-LOK Boot Adapter Cast into structure A-Lok Compression Adapter Cast into structure 27

Field Repairs for PP Rubber with Stainless Steel Collar if pressure test required, mainly in sanitary

Fittings

So, which PP are you getting? PP storm dual wall PP storm extended bell and spigot w dual gaskets PP Sanitary dual wall single gaskets PP Sanitary dual wall extended bell & spigot single gaskets PP Sanitary Triple wall extended bell & spigot dual gaskets Which is it ?

Why Concrete? Foltz Concrete Currently producing gasketed or mastic joint reinforced concrete pipe in 15" through 72" sizes and all classes. Currently we are servicing the North and South Carolina markets, with a presence in Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland and Tennessee. These items have been added to the ADS product offering in response to customer requests for a multi-product offering. And why is that???

Strengths: Go to market strategy “new” product ADS power Specifications Stiff Pipe $$$ Joint Performance

Weaknesses: New Untested for Time Sanitary Use – Cautious 12” is the smallest UV properties untested for time/ Oxidation What pipe are you getting? Field Repairs? Fittings Burns Floats

Opportunities: Backfill requirements Fiber RCP Third Party Testing? Confusion!! It fails by cracking..NOT deflection??? Huh?

Threat Looks Like RCP? Fill Heights? Successful Projects? Smaller Diameters?

Questions?