Metabolic acidosis inhibits soft tissue calcification in uremic rats

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Metabolic acidosis inhibits soft tissue calcification in uremic rats F.J. Mendoza, I. Lopez, A. Montes de Oca, J. Perez, M. Rodriguez, E. Aguilera-Tejero Kidney International Volume 73, Issue 4, Pages 407-414 (February 2008) DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002646 Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Mineral content ((a) calcium, (b) phosphorus) of the aorta in sham-operated rats (Sham) and uremic rats treated with vehicle (5/6 Nx) or with calcitriol 80 ng kg−1 i.p. q.o.d. for 14 days (5/6 Nx+CTR). All groups are shown with normal pH and with acidosis, which was induced by administration of NH4Cl in drinking water at 0.75% (Sham+AC 0.75%), 0.5% (5/6 Nx+AC 0.5% and 5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.5%), or 0.3% (5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.3%). aP<0.01 vs 5/6 Nx+CTR. Kidney International 2008 73, 407-414DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5002646) Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Aortic calcification. von Kossa-stained tissue sections of the aorta in sham-operated rats (Sham, a), in uremic rats with normal pH (5/6 Nx, b) and with acidosis (5/6 Nx+AC 0.5%, c), and in uremic rats treated with calcitriol, 80 ng kg−1 i.p. q.o.d. for 14 days with normal pH (5/6 Nx+CTR, d) and with acidosis: 0.5% NH4Cl (5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.5%, e) and 0.3% NH4Cl (5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.3%, f). Kidney International 2008 73, 407-414DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5002646) Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Mineral content ((a) calcium, (b) phosphorus) of the stomach in sham-operated rats (Sham) and uremic rats treated with vehicle (5/6 Nx) or with calcitriol 80 ng kg−1 i.p. q.o.d. for 14 days (5/6 Nx+CTR). All groups are shown with normal pH and with acidosis, which was induced by administration of NH4Cl in drinking water at 0.75% (Sham+AC 0.75%), 0.5% (5/6 Nx+AC 0.5% and 5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.5%), or 0.3% (5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.3%). aP<0.01 vs 5/6 Nx+CTR, bP<0.05 vs 5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.3%. Kidney International 2008 73, 407-414DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5002646) Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 von Kossa-stained tissue sections of the kidney and the stomach of uremic rats (5/6 Nx) treated with calcitriol, 80 ng kg−1 i.p. q.o.d. for 14 days with normal pH (5/6 Nx+CTR) and with acidosis, 0.5% NH4Cl (5/6 Nx+CTR+AC 0.5%). Kidney International 2008 73, 407-414DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5002646) Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 In vitro studies of calcification using bovine VSMC incubated at normal (7.4) or low (7.2) pH with or without β-glycerophosphate (5 mM). (a) Calcium content; (b) Alizarin red stain. Kidney International 2008 73, 407-414DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5002646) Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Experimental design of the in vivo studies. Kidney International 2008 73, 407-414DOI: (10.1038/sj.ki.5002646) Copyright © 2008 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions