Hydrocarbon Derivatives

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Hydrocarbon Derivatives -Alcohols -Haloalkanes -Aldehydes -Ketones -Carboxylic Acids -Esters -Ethers -Amines -Amides.

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Presentation transcript:

Hydrocarbon Derivatives Amines, Amides, & Amino Acids

Amines Contain N General Format: RNH2 NH2 = amino group N has bonding capacity of 3 molecules contain H bonded to N = H bonding weaker than hydrogen bonding in alcohols and carboxylic acids Amines smell really, really bad

Table R R’  Shows format RNR” (this is a 3 amine) 1 amines: RNH 2 amines: RNR’ H  H 

Naming Amines Find name of base hydrocarbon Drop final -e & add -amine Use # in front of name to give location of amino group

H H H HCCNH H H Ethanamine      H H H H HCCCNH H H H     1-propanamine   

< H H H N H HCCCH H H H    2-propanamine    CH2CH2CH2 1,3-propanediamine   NH2 NH2

NH2  NH2  CHCH2CH2CH 1,1,4,4-butanetetraamine  NH2  NH2

Examples of amines PABA Caffeine Novacain B-vitamins Preparation of dyes

Amides Contain: amino group bonded to C of carbonyl group carbonyl group (>C=O) & amino group (NH2) amino group bonded to C of carbonyl group Links amino acids together

Table R O R’ O = =  General Format: RCNH2 or RCNH carboxylic acid: RCOOH replace the OH with NH2 no # needed in name Amide group is always at end of molecule

Naming Amides Find name of alkane with same # of C’s drop the final -e & replace it with -amide

H  O = HCCNH2 Ethanamide  H O = Propanamide CH3CH2CNH2

Properties of Amides strong hydrogen bonding - so high bp Simple amides are solids at room temp Smaller amides are very soluble in water

Amino Acids Only need to recognize them Don’t need to know how to name them Contain a carboxyl group (-COOH) Contain an amine group (-NH2) Amino group is on C next to carboxyl group

NH2  Amino Acids alanine O = CH3CC  OH NH2  O = glycine CH2C  OH