Clinical Nutrition: Illness feeding Dental Disease Clinical Nutrition: Illness feeding

Tooth Anatomy

Dental Disease: Periodontitis/ Periodontal Disease Gingivitis Periodontitis Inflammation of the _____________. Represents the _______ stages of periodontitis. Easily ____________ with proper treatment and home care. Inflammation not only of the gingiva but also of the structures of the _____________________. More difficult to reverse once advanced.

Periodontitis/ Periodontal Disease Periodontitis is caused by the _____________________ of _____________________________ and the body’s response to it. _________ - a white-tan film that collects around and within the gingival sulcus of the tooth. Plaque is comprised of _______________ (primary cause), food debris, exfoliated cells, and salivary glycoproteins. If left undisturbed, as quickly as within _______ hrs., plaque will mineralize on teeth to form dental _________ “aka” _________. __________ – a light brown or yellow, raised, irregular deposit adherent to the tooth and root surfaces. Calculus/Tarter can only be removed by ______________ action.

Dental Prophylaxis is an ____________ procedure preformed under the supervision of a DVM and is a ___________ measure taken to mechanically clean the teeth to avoid dental diseases. They are also performed when dental disease of varying degrees are apparent to help _________ the disease if possible (dependent on degree of disease).   Dental Prophylaxis

Periodontitis/ Periodontal Disease _____% of cats and ______% of dogs have periodontal disease. It is the ____________ health problem in pets. A difference in the _______ causes plaque and tartar to build up ____ times quicker than in humans

Stage 0 Periodontal Disease Characterization: - The gum margin is ______ and ______ and creates a ___________ edge against the teeth – i.e. No Inflammation _________ starting to develop _________ crowns On x-ray no bone loss seen

Stage 0 Periodontal Disease Treatment: • ______________ professional teeth cleaning by your veterinarian under anesthesia • Homecare –brush all teeth ___________

Stage 1 Periodontal Disease Characterization: - Start of tarter ________ - _________ swollen and reddened gums - On x-ray, no bone loss seen

Stage 1 Periodontal Disease Treatment: • Regular professional teeth clean by your veterinarian under anesthesia • Homecare –brush all teeth daily.

Stage 2 Periodontal Disease Characterization: ___________ gums Although, ______________ swelling or redness of gums may not be seen ____________ of the teeth may be worn down On x-ray there is _______% bone attachment loss. Bone should appear ________________ which indicates loss of _____________________.

Stage 2 Periodontal Disease Treatment: Professional teeth clean (under anesthetic) This is at a point where further destruction and loss of bone can be _________________. Loss of bone means loss of _____________ for the tooth.

Stage 3 Periodontal Disease Characterization: ___________ tartar Bone loss is ___________ Oral pain is ___________ Tooth __________ and _____________ may be present under tartar Typically ______________ dental X-rays to fully evaluate bone loss and tooth health. _________________ attachment loss. Pre-cleaning

Stage 3 Periodontal Disease Treatment: _________________ If the tooth is extracted the problem will not return but the tooth is lost and does not grow back. ____________ treatment by a veterinary dental ______________ Teeth affected by stage 3 periodontal disease can __________ be saved with advanced care and _____________________. Post cleaning

Stage 4 Periodontal Disease Characterization: _____________ tartar ______________________ typically present around the gingiva & tooth line Oral pain is ___________ Stage 4 periodontal disease is characterized by a ________ attachment loss. Tooth loss is __________

Stage 4 Periodontal Disease Treatment: Dental X-rays to fully _________ bone loss and tooth _________. _______________ of all unhealthy teeth (sometimes this can result in a full mouth extraction).

Periodontal disease can effect the ________, _________, and _________. The ____________ in the oral cavity of a pet with periodontal disease can be released into the circulatory system and travel throughout the body. This can cause damage to cardiac tissue and lead to _______________.  When bacteria invades kidneys, it ___________ glomerulus membranes, causing them to function improperly. Bacteria also can cause ___________ changes in the liver.

Dental Diets The ______ and ________ of the dental diets promotes chewing action that creates the action of _______ off the bacteria and helps to slow ________ and ____________ buildup.

Dental Diets t/d - The _________ kibble scrubs away laden plaque in the mouth to promote systemic health - Clinically proven to ________ plaque, stain and tartar buildup - __________ bad breath - Added ___________ to control cell oxidation and promote a healthy immune system - Awarded the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) Seal of Acceptance for helping reduce both plaque and tartar accumulation

Dental Diets DH Optimal kibble _______ Patented kibble __________ Antioxidants _____ and _______ Natural source of glucosamine __________ calories ____________ palatability Perfect solution for everyday feeding of adult and senior dogs Canine Dental Chewz™ are a perfect complement when using the DH Formula.  

These are devices ___________ can use at home with their pets. Daily Dental Preventative Devices These are devices ___________ can use at home with their pets.

Slab Fracture 4th Upper Premolar Slab fractures occur when a slice of the ____________ _________ from the buccal or lingual/palatal surface of a tooth. The fracture often extends ____________________.  Slab fractures commonly occur on the ___________ surface of the maxillary fourth premolar.

Resorptive Lesion The __________ in a single tooth (or several simultaneously) __________ and eventually becomes irreparably destroyed. _____ areas of an affected tooth, from root to crown, may become involved. _________________ dental problem in cats (can be seen in dogs also) ________ painful _________ when chewing, dropping food from the mouth is typically seen Treatment : Extraction