Jefferson & Madison Unit 3, Sections 2-3

The Jeffersonian Republic

The Revolution of 1800 The peaceful transfer of power from Federalist to Democratic-Republican! John Adams (Federalist) VS Thomas Jefferson (D-R) VS Aaron Burr (D-R) Jefferson beat out Adams, but tied with Burr! Alexander Hamilton helped to persuade the House to put Jefferson in office. Burr, as second place, became the vice president under Jefferson. Jefferson promised a return to traditional Democratic-Republican ideas State government, Agrarian Republic, strict construction Adams Leaves Office

The Jeffersonian Republic Peaceful Transition Jefferson realized that he had to balance his new policies with the old Federalist policies. The Alien & Sedition Acts expired Economic Policy – Secretary of Treasury = Albert Gallatin Gallatin was nicknamed the Watchdog – meaning he was very protective of the treasury and did not want further debt. Worked to balance budget  disagreed with national debt got rid of excise tax left funding at par, national bank, & protective tariff 2 party system can work! Reduced the size of the military  was fearful of too much power Attacks by the Tripoli Pirates tried the new military

The Jeffersonian Republic Marbury VS Madison Prior to leaving office, President Adams issued the Judiciary Act of 1801 This set up 16 new federal justices, with federalist ideas Nicknamed the “midnight judges” New President Jefferson and his Democratic-Republican advisors, felt that Adams overstepped his powers as President and tried to revoke the Judiciary Act. John Marbury, one of the previously appointed Federalists justices, stated that it was illegal for him not to be given his previously stated office  took Jefferson’s Secretary of State, James Madison, to court : Marbury VS Madison (1803)

The Jeffersonian Republic Marbury VS Madison Supreme Court Justice John Marshall looked back at the Constitution to determine what to do, which became known as Judicial Review Marshall found that the Judiciary Act of 1801 was unconstitutional, taking away the law that initially appointed Marbury This shows power of the Supreme Court over the Executive Branch, and shows power in the Federal Government.

The Jeffersonian Republic The Louisiana Purchase Where in the Constitution does it state we have the right to purchase foreign lands? Jefferson was a STRICT CONSTRUCTIONIST Should we be allowed to purchase the land? Napoleon sells all of French Louisiana (828,000 sqmi.) for $15million doubles size of the US

The Jeffersonian Republic The Louisiana Purchase The Discovery Corps: Lewis and Clark were sent to explore the northern region of the newly acquired land Sacajawea https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PnT0k9wdDZo&vl=en Zebulon Pike headed South to explore the Southern area Loops down all the way to the Rio Grande

Aaron Burr Dropped as T.J.'s VP Moves to midwest Flees to Europe trys to organize seccession of N.England foiled by Alexander Hamilton --> duel Moves to midwest tries to plan seccession for Western US tried for treason acquitted under John Marshall Flees to Europe tries to convince Napoleon to attack US

Foreign Diplomacy Britain & France at War The Embargo Act -1807 1805-Battle of Trafalgar-British Naval Supremacy 1805-Battle of Austerlitz-French Land Supremacy Indirect methods followed 1806 - trade regulations from both powers negative economic impact on US trade impressment ~6,000 US men involved the Chesapeake The Embargo Act -1807 killed US economy smuggling

Embargo Act contd. repealed in 1809 Non-intercourse Act - trade allowed with any nation except Britain of France Why was the Embargo Act unsuccessful? Britain and France utilized resources from other countries/colonies didn't last long enough for full economic cycle to occur and absorb change More industrialization in N. England!