Roman Republic Etruscans Carthage Senate Patricians Plebeians Consuls Censors Law of the 12 Tables 450 BCE Tribunes Punic War (264-146 B.C.E.) Hannibal
Proconsuls Gracchi Brothers Sulla Julius Caesar (d. 44 BCE) First Triumvirate: Crassus- Pompey- Julius Caesar Second Triumvirate: Octavian (Augustus Caesar)- Lepidus- Mark Antony
Roman Empire
Cleopatra Octavian (Augustus Caesar) “Princeps” Principate 27 BCE-14 CE Pax Romana Livy Tiberius Villa Virgil 70-19 BCE The Aeneid Marcus Aurelius 161-180 CE The Meditations
Christianity/Fall of Rome Commodus r. 180-193 “Barracks Emperors” Praetorian Guard Diocletian (r. 294-305) Tetrarchy Constantine 313-337 Constantinople
Jesus Saul of Tarsus (Paul) 6-67 CE Second Diaspora Franks Saxons Angles Vandals Visigoths Ostrogoths Barbarian Invasions:
Byzantine Empire 400-788 Corpus Juris (533) Justinian (ruled 400-788) Procopius (Secret History) “Greek Fire” Justinian (ruled 400-788) Byzantine Empire (around 550):
The “Justinian Plague” Constantinople (Istanbul) Hagia Sophia Theodora
Classical Life Polis “The silk Road to China” Gracchi Brothers Misogyny Athena Aphrodite Patria Potestas Lex Juliana 18 BCE Galley Slaves