The Pre-Colonial and Colonial Eras Terms Review I The Pre-Colonial and Colonial Eras

This was a series of wars fought in the Middle Ages by Christians to conquer the Holy Land from Muslims.

This was a series of wars fought in the Middle Ages by Christians to conquer the Holy Land from Muslims. Crusades

An instrument that uses a magnetic needle to indicate direction.

An instrument that uses a magnetic needle to indicate direction. Compass

An instrument that allowed sailors to find their position from the stars

An instrument that allowed sailors to find their position from the stars Astrolabe

A ship with triangular sails and rudder

A ship with triangular sails and rudder Caravel

European period of renewed interest in the sciences, art, and literature. (1400-1700 AD)

European period of renewed interest in the sciences, art, and literature. (1400-1700 AD) Renaissance

He began the movement to reform the Catholic Church.

He began the movement to reform the Catholic Church. Martin Luther

16th century movement resulting in the separation of the Protestant Churches from the Roman Catholic Church.

16th century movement resulting in the separation of the Protestant Churches from the Roman Catholic Church. Reformation

He was an explorer representing Spain who set out to find a new route to Asia in 1492. His voyage marked the beginning of European efforts to colonize the Americas.

He was an explorer representing Spain who set out to find a new route to Asia in 1492. His voyage marked the beginning of European efforts to colonize the Americas. Christopher Columbus

The exchange of crops, plants, animals and diseases between Europeans and Native Americans.

The exchange of crops, plants, animals and diseases between Europeans and Native Americans. Columbian Exchange

Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered Native American empires.

Spanish explorers and soldiers who conquered Native American empires. Conquistadores

Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico.

Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico. Hernando Cortez

He conquered Incas in Peru with metal-clad soldiers

He conquered Incas in Peru with metal-clad soldiers Francisco Pizarro

He searched for “Seven Cities of Gold” in the present-day southwestern United States.

He searched for “Seven Cities of Gold” in the present-day southwestern United States. Francisco Coronado

He searched for gold in the present-day southeastern United States.

He searched for gold in the present-day southeastern United States. Hernando deSoto

He searched for the “Fountain of Youth” in Florida.

He searched for the “Fountain of Youth” in Florida. Juan Ponce de Leon

An economic policy which favors exports over imports to increase a nation’s gold reserve.

An economic policy which favors exports over imports to increase a nation’s gold reserve. Mercantilism

First city founded by Europeans in North America.

First city founded by Europeans in North America. St. Augustine

A private company that sells shares to investors

A private company that sells shares to investors Joint-stock Company

Colonial government made of elected representatives.

Colonial government made of elected representatives. House of Burgesses

Large estate farmed by many workers.

Large estate farmed by many workers. Plantation

People who signed a contract to work for a certain length of time in exchange for passage to the colonies.

People who signed a contract to work for a certain length of time in exchange for passage to the colonies. Indentured Servants

Colonial trade routes between the Caribbean, New England, and Africa.

Colonial trade routes between the Caribbean, New England, and Africa. Triangular Trade Route

Agreement that the Pilgrims signed before landing in Plymouth.

Agreement that the Pilgrims signed before landing in Plymouth. Mayflower Compact