Questions: What is the “Cold War”? What do you think started this conflict?
Beginning of Cold War https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9HjvHZfCUI
WWII Conferences Yalta Conference Potsdam Conference February 1945- Again Big 3 leaders Divide Germany into 4 zones after war Soviets agree to join war in Japan Agree to form a United Nations to keep peace Potsdam Conference August 1945- Again Big 3 leaders Talks don’t go well Truman is now President (he and Stalin disagree) Soviets insist on being able to keep land in Eastern Europe (Poland) Lead to division in Europe West- democratic East- communist under Soviet control
Break-up of Germany and Berlin After WWII, Germany was divided into 4 parts (US, France, Britain, Soviets) Goal- help rebuild and then give back to German people Soviets do not give theirs back Germany is divided West Germany- free and democratic East Germany- under Soviet control
The Division of Berlin
Division in Berlin Berlin divided West Berlin- free and democratic East Berlin- under Soviet control Berlin is in Soviet territory Soviets will not allow supplies to be trucked in Lead to Berlin airlift US and others will airlift supplies into West Berlin
Berlin Airlift Soviets block all roads into Berlin US and Britain will fly aid (food, medical supplies, etc) into Berlin
Iron Curtain An imaginary line that separated Communist countries in the Soviet bloc from of Eastern Europe from democratic countries in Western Europe
Other US Programs Marshall Plan Truman Doctrine US provide aid to countries in Western Europe Over 4 years, give close to $13 billion in aid Truman Doctrine US will help any country trying to resist expansion of Communism
Europe Two Groups NATO Warsaw Pact United States and its Allies (France, United Kingdom, Italy, West Germany) Warsaw Pact Soviet Union and its Allies ( East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, other Eastern European countries)
US policy of Containment Containment- U.S. foreign policy from 1946 until 1990 to stop/contain the spread of communism
The Bipolarization of Europe
Cold War at Home Fear of Communism Increases HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee) 1947 Investigate Communism in Movie Industry Lead to blacklists (people with Communist ties who were not hired) Hollywood Ten- group put in prison for having Communist ties
Other Cold War Stuff Harry Truman Become President in 1945 when FDR dies Elected in 1948- surprise because he was predicted to lose Truman Doctrine- US will send aid to any nation trying to resist spread of Communism
HUAC Cartoon