Mass and Motion (Energy)

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Presentation transcript:

Mass and Motion (Energy) Typical devices used to convert kinetic energy: 1. Mechanical Stops (Hard Stops) 2. Springs and Bumpers 3. Dashpots (Cylinder Cushions) 4. Deceleration Valves All these devices convert the kinetic energy via work done, heat, sound or stored potential energy.

Velocity vs. Stroke (Stopping Distance) Linear Deceleration Velocity vs. Stroke (Stopping Distance) Mechanical Stop Spring Velocity Velocity Stroke Stroke Dashpot Linear Deceleration Velocity Velocity Stroke Stroke

Reaction Forces Force vs. Stroke (Stopping distance) Mechanical Spring Dashpot Linear Deceleration Force Force Stroke Stroke The amount of energy under each curve is equal. The distribution of the reaction forces over the stroke is different. The lowest overall reaction force is achieved through linear deceleration.

Time vs. Stroke (Stopping Distance) Deceleration Time Time vs. Stroke (Stopping Distance) The amount of energy is equal. The time taken to go through stroke is different. Time Mechanical Stop Spring Linear Deceleration Dashpot

Dashpots Dashpots, including cylinder cushions, use a single orifice to control fluid flow. This produces a high impact force. Rapid deceleration occurs at the start of stroke, followed by a long period of gradual deceleration. Accumulator Piston and Rod Orifice Force Stroke Velocity Stroke