Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corp. Fuel Oil Handling Systems Fuel System Design Considerations Part 2 31-35 South Street • Danbury • CT www.preferred-mfg.com

Additional Design Considerations Oil Heating and Insulation Preventing Overflows Day Tank Flow Control Air Entrainment Fire Safety Relief Valves Multi-Tank Returns Vent Line Height Foot Valves Anti-Syphon Devices

Tank Heating and Insulation Aboveground Storage Tank (AST) – installed in a cold climate – # 2 thru # 6 oil, heating requirements and insulation of tank Emergency generators – Approximately 40 F is the cloud point of paraffin wax in # 2 fuel oil Thermopump System application # 6 Oil Piping - heat trace the pipe and insulate or install FOS, FOR, steam and condensate return lines in a single carrier pipe with insulation Use a Thermopump System or a winter blend of fuel oil The fuel user is going to have viscosity and temperature requirements.

Tank Heating and Insulation

Tank Overfill Prevention Tank gauging with overfill alarm station HLS in tank to back up the tank gauge Model 1 Ground Level Spill Containment Type 2 In-Wall Spill Container Remote Overfill Alarm Station Mechanical fill line overfill prevention device ( Type 61 and 61F) Vent line with overfill alarm switch

Sidewalk or Driveway Fuel Fill Spill Containers Model 1 In Ground Spill Container Drains oil spilled from delivery disconnect into storage tank Designed to handle driveway traffic Removable bellows for easy fuel testing without pavement excavation.

Inside Fill Container Discharge piping can be smaller than the suction piping, the pump will make up for the added pressure

Model 2 In-wall Fill Cabinet Provides 5 Gallon Containment For indoor storage tanks with fill lines piped to building walls Overfill alarm Alarm silence Display tank level Model 2

In-Wall Fill Box with Sign

Inside Type 2 In-Wall Spill Box

In-Wall Spill Box Digital Display

Fil-A-Larm Overfill Alarm Box Temp. and the resulting viscosity can be important if the system is at its design limits. Becomes even more important with outdoor stored fuel.

HLS High Level Sensor Cost of the next large pipe is “nothing” compared to the total cost of the installation or the cost of problems.

Day Tank Vent Detector

Filling Day Tanks in Multiple Tank Applications Flow Control Filling Day Tanks in Multiple Tank Applications Install Flow Control Manifolds One for each day tank Three valve by-pass arrangement for manual operation and servicing, (2) Solenoid valves Options: Fuel filter, flow switch, oil meter, indicator lights

Flow Control Manifold

Flow Control Manifold

Day Tank Location Day tank above main storage tank gravity return Provide tank overfill drain to main tank Day tank below main storage tank return pump system is required pump flow rate capacity must be larger than the pump set supply system Add a PLS switch to the tank vent

Air Entrainment Pipe the return line to the bottom of the tank to prevent aeration Back Pressure Regulator BPRV Return riser pipe, install BPRV at the bottom of the riser, set pressure to maintain a constant head to prevent the free fall of the fuel and entraining air Syphon Breaker Day tank header system applications, can use in conjunction with the BPRV

Air Entrainment                                                     Separate the Fuel Oil Supply (FOS) and Fuel Oil Return (FOR) Piping drop tubes in the tank to prevent the recycling of air FOS, 4-6 inches off the bottom of the tank FOR, 18-20 inches off the bottom of the tank, add a 90 elbow to direct return fuel away from suction

Air Entrainment VACUUM BREAKER (OPTIONAL) VENT TRAP RETURN HEADER SUPPLY ENGINE #3 ENGINE #2 ENGINE #1 RELIEF IN OUT PUMP SET

Stop the flow of the fuel Fire Safety Basics Don’t Feed the Fire Stop the flow of the fuel

Fire Safety Shut-off Valves Lever Gate Valve Fully mechanical Emergency fuel line shut-off is mandated by many codes Fusible links open at 165F for pipe ranges 3/4" - 3" Fusomatic Valve Replaceable fusible element Fusible links open at 165F, May be manually opened/closed for pipes 3/4" or 1"

Fire Safety Shut-off Valves Multiple Fusible Links Fuel Shut-off and Limit Switch Stops Pump

Type 110 Fire Valve

Anti-Syphon Valves 3 million cycles to get UL approval….

Stop Fuel Flow

Relief Valves A must with positive displacement pumps If the oil line is blocked, something will break Relief valves on pump set– piped into the return line with no shut off valves Multiple tank systems with ball/gate valve arrangement, pipe relief valve into pump suction, utilize pump flow switch for safety shutdown Place a relief valve between two solid points to relieve hydraulic pressure from thermal expansion Internal relief valves are to be avoided.

Pump Set Relief Valves

Multiple Main Tank Returns On multiple main tank applications, recommend utilizing a Tank Selector Valve that will never have a positive shutoff when changing tanks If tank selector valve not desirable, recommend automatic ball valves with end switches. Pumps shut down during a tank changeover and will not restart until proper alignment is proven. This will also prevents a tank overfill due to improper valve alignment.

Two Tank Selector Valve Threaded Connection Replaces confusing array of hand valves Simple lever operation transfers both supply & return lines from one tank to the other Designed with no “blind spots” where flow could be blocked to or from the tanks Threaded or flanged connections available

Vent Line Vertical Height Main Storage Tanks and some Day Tanks are only rated for 5 PSI. Tanks are not pressure vessels. On overfilled tanks that do not provide for an overflow condition, the oil will go up the vent. The static pressure at the bottom of the tank can exceed the pressure rating of the tank. Remember that 2.6 ft of #2 oil = 1 PSI 13 feet/2.6 = 5.0 PSI PLS switch in the vent can sound an alarm or shut off a pump.

Foot Valve Installation Install foot valves and check valves to prevent loss of prime if top of the tank is below the centerline of the pump Utilize an extractor fitting for easy removal of foot valve for maintenance and inspection Extractor fitting can be a potential air leak. Insure they are properly sealed. Foot valves are sometimes required with Anti-Syphon valves. An Anti-Syphon valve does not make a good check valve. Insure the shipping plug is removed before installation.

Foot Valves

Maximum Height for ASV Install Anti-Syphon Valve (ASV) if top of the tank is above the centerline of the pump Maximum height for ASV – 20’ above centerline of pump Above 20’ utilize a solenoid valve for an anti-syphon device

Single Source Fuel Handling

Preferred Utilities Manufacturing Corp 31-35 South Street • Danbury • CT T: (203) 743-6741 • F: (203) 798-7313 www.preferred-mfg.com