Protective efficacy of prolonged co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in HIV-exposed children up to age 4 years for the prevention of malaria in Uganda: a randomised controlled open- label trial  Dr Jaco Homsy, MD, Grant Dorsey, MD, Emmanuel Arinaitwe, MD, Humphrey Wanzira, MBChB, Abel Kakuru, MBChB, Victor Bigira, MBChB, Mary Muhindo, MBChB, Prof Moses R Kamya, MD, Taylor G Sandison, PhD, Jordan W Tappero, MD  The Lancet Global Health  Volume 2, Issue 12, Pages e727-e736 (December 2014) DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70329-8 Copyright © 2014 Homsy et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Study profile CTX=co-trimoxazole. *Results of the first randomisation have been previously reported.17 †Unrelated to CTX: this child had recurrent episodes of hemolytic anaemia after treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine that were later shown to be due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The Lancet Global Health 2014 2, e727-e736DOI: (10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70329-8) Copyright © 2014 Homsy et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Malaria incidence in relation to age for all groups CTX=co-trimoxazole. BF=breastfeeding. Full lines represent time when children were on CTX. Dotted lines represent time when children were not on CTX. The first randomisation of HIV-exposed children occurred at the end of breastfeeding, between 6 weeks and 9 months of age. The second randomisation of HIV-exposed children occurred at age 24 months. The Lancet Global Health 2014 2, e727-e736DOI: (10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70329-8) Copyright © 2014 Homsy et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY Terms and Conditions