Principles of Management Learning Session # 19 Dr. A. Rashid Kausar

Re-cap of Session # 18

Enhancing Creativity in Decision Making 1. Brainstorming 2. Nominal Group Technique 3. Delphi Technique 4. Scenario Analysis

Creativity in Decision Making ‘Creativity is the cognitive process of developing an idea, concept, commodity or discovery viewed as novel by its creator or target audience.’

Creativity and Brainstorming in Your Class ! 1. What features would you like cars to have 10 years from now ? 2. What new approaches could recent graduates use in getting better jobs ?

Brainstorming may be Electronic! 1) Criticism is ruled out 2) All ideas are welcomed 3) Quantity is wanted 4) Combinations and improvement are sought

Nominal Group Technique Enhancing creativity and decision making by integrating individuals working independently and then presenting it for group interaction and discussion. Voting for best idea or Ranking!

3 Basic Steps of the Delphi Technique 1. A questionnaire is sent to a group of experts 2. A summary of the first round is prepared 3. A summary of the second round is prepared

Reasons for Using Scenarios Scenarios are intended to: 1.Provide a wide range of possibilities against which to evaluate strategies 2.Provide a broad vision of possible events

Reasons for Using Scenarios 3.To assist in the identification of events that warrant the development of contingency plans

Devil’s Advocacy Generate a potential solution Assign a devil’s advocate to criticize Present the critique of the solution to key decision makers Gather additional information Decide whether to use, change, or not to use the originally proposed solution

Continuous Improvement over Time The Deming Cycle 1. Plan 2. Do 1. Plan 2. Do 4. Act 3.Check 4. Act 3. Check Continuous Improvement over Time

Creativity in Decision Making Creativity requires both: Convergent Thinking Attempting to move logically to a problem solution.

Creativity in Decision Making Divergent Thinking Generating new ways of viewing a problem and seeking novel alternatives.

Creativity in Decision Making Creativity requires both: Vertical Thinking Step wise , Sequential and Rational Style

Creativity in Decision Making Lateral Thinking Step wise but not sequential

Creativity in Decision Making Lateral Thinking Dr. Edward DeBono

Manager As Decision Maker Intuitive Decision Making - Subconscious process of making decisions on the basis of experience and accumulated judgment.

Planning and Decision Aids Management Science Or Operation Research For ?

Planning and Decision Aids Increasing Decision Effectiveness by using Mathematical, Statistical & Qualitative Models.