Segment 1: Chapter 2 Mader Properties of Water Segment 1: Chapter 2 Mader

Big Idea 2: Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis A.Growth, reproduction, and maintenance of the organization of living systems require free energy and matter 3. Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce and maintain organization a.Molecules and atoms from the environment are necessary to build new molecules.

3. Living systems depend on the properties of water that result from its polarity and hydrogen bonding. Illustrative example: • Cohesion • Adhesion • High specific heat capacity • Universal solvent supports reactions • Heat of vaporization • Heat of fusion • Water’s thermal conductivity

Cohesion and Adhesion Cohesion: ability of water molecules to cling to each other due to hydrogen bonding. Adhesion: ability of water molecules to cling to other polar molecules. Capillary Action example-water moving from ground up into leaves of a plant

High specific heat capacity The high heat capacity of water is important for life Example-allows body to heat and cool slowly compared to environment.

Universal solvent supports reactions

Heat of vaporization and Heat of fusion

Water’s thermal conductivity thermal conductivity. A measure of the ability of a material to transfer heat. Given two surfaces on either side of the material with a temperature difference between them, the thermal conductivity is the heat energy transferred per unit time and per unit surface area, divided by the temperature difference.