Incarceration history and risk of HIV and hepatitis C virus acquisition among people who inject drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis Jack Stone, PhD, Hannah Fraser, PhD, Aaron G Lim, DPhil, Josephine G Walker, PhD, Zoe Ward, PhD, Louis MacGregor, MSc, Adam Trickey, MSc, Sam Abbott, MSc, Prof Steffanie A Strathdee, PhD, Daniela Abramovitz, MS, Prof Lisa Maher, PhD, Jenny Iversen, PhD, Prof Julie Bruneau, MD, Geng Zang, MS, Prof Richard S Garfein, PhD, Yung-Fen Yen, PhD, Tasnim Azim, PhD, Prof Shruti H Mehta, PhD, Michael-John Milloy, PhD, Prof Margaret E Hellard, PhD, Rachel Sacks-Davis, PhD, Prof Paul M Dietze, PhD, Campbell Aitken, PhD, Malvina Aladashvili, MD, Prof Tengiz Tsertsvadze, MD, Viktor Mravčík, PhD, Prof Michel Alary, MD, Prof Elise Roy, MD, Pavlo Smyrnov, MPH, Yana Sazonova, MSW, April M Young, PhD, Jennifer R Havens, PhD, Prof Vivian D Hope, PhD, Monica Desai, MD, Ellen Heinsbroek, PhD, Prof Sharon J Hutchinson, PhD, Norah E Palmateer, PhD, Andrew McAuley, PhD, Lucy Platt, PhD, Natasha K Martin, DPhil, Prof Frederick L Altice, MD, Prof Matthew Hickman, PhD, Prof Peter Vickerman, DPhil The Lancet Infectious Diseases Volume 18, Issue 12, Pages 1397-1409 (December 2018) DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30469-9 Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Study selection HCV=hepatitis C virus. PWID=people who inject drugs. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2018 18, 1397-1409DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30469-9) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
Figure 2 Meta-analysis of studies showing the crude effect of recent incarceration on the risk of HIV acquisition among people who inject drugs, by publication status. VIDUS=Vancouver Infection Drug Users Study. EC3=El Cuete Phase III. EC4=El Cuete Phase IV. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2018 18, 1397-1409DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30469-9) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
Figure 3 Meta-analysis of studies showing the crude effect of past incarceration on the risk of HIV acquisition among people who inject drugs, by publication status VIDUS=Vancouver Infection Drug Users Study. EC3=El Cuete Phase III. EC4=El Cuete Phase IV. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2018 18, 1397-1409DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30469-9) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
Figure 4 Meta-analysis of studies showing the crude effect of recent incarceration on the risk of hepatitis C virus acquisition among people who inject drugs, by publication status ARYS=At Risk Youth Study. VIDUS=Vancouver Infection Drug Users Study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2018 18, 1397-1409DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30469-9) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions
Figure 5 Meta-analysis of studies showing the crude effect of past incarceration on the risk of hepatitis C virus acquisition among people who inject drugs, by publication status ARYS=At Risk Youth Study. VIDUS=Vancouver Infection Drug Users Study. UAM=Unlinked Anonymous Monitoring survey of people who inject drugs. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2018 18, 1397-1409DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30469-9) Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions