Emissions testing with PEMS and random driving cycles – First preliminary results RDE-LDV working group 13 April 2012 Pierre Bonnel Martin Weiss DG - Joint Research Centre (JRC) IET - Institute for Energy and Transport

Introduction Objectives: Assessing the functionality of the random cycle generator Assessing the drivability of the random cycles Comparing emissions: on-road driving and random driving cycles

Constructing cycles Data base of 20,000 short trips Input: vehicle and dynamometer parameters; number of short trips, cycle duration and distance Automatic establishment of the vehicle limitation curve Random selection of short trips Eliminating idling during the high-speed phase; including idling between short trips Defining gear shift points

Constructing cycles Speed phases Vehicle limitation curve Max. acceleration in ms-2 Cut-off speed, high-speed phase Idling: beginning/end/ short-trips/phases/ Steven cycle soft three phases ~ 300s each Steven cycle medium Steven cycle severe three phases ~ 300s each Random cycle 1 (rep.) 3-3-2 short trips 85% 3.6 60-100km/h 10/5-30/10s Random cycle 2 (rep.) 0-60km/h 10/5-10/30s Random cycle 3 (rep.) 1-1-3 short trips 100% 8.0 Random cycle 4 (rep.) 1-1-4 short trips 40-100km/h 5/20/5s Random cycle 5 6-1-1 short trips

Constructing cycles

Drivability Test vehicle: Euro 5 diesel, 4 cylinder, 55 kW, 105 g CO2/km WLTC gear shift prescription; no pretesting of cycles Deviation actual-scheduled speed [km/h]

Absolute speed deviation in km/h Drivability Absolute speed deviation in km/h >2 >3 >4 >5 >6 >7 >8 >9 >10 Steven cycle: soft 8s 2s 0s Steven cycle: medium 10s 5s Steven cycle: severe 32s 11s 7s 6s 4s Random cycle 1 9s 1s Random cycle 1_rep Random cycle 2 Random cycle 2_rep Random cycle 3 Random cycle 3_rep Random cycle 4 Random cycle 4_rep Random cycle 5

Absolute speed deviation in km/h Drivability Comparison: drivability of previously designed random cycles Absolute speed deviation in km/h >2 >3 >4 >5 >6 >7 >8 >9 >10 Cycle 1 35s 13s 8s 2s 0s Cycle 2 34s 12s 7s 3s 1s Cycle 5 32s 11s Cycle 6 20s Cycle 7 9s 5s Cycle 8 30s Cycle 9 14s 6s 4s Cycle 10 31s NEDC/WLTP criteria: zero speed violations >2km/h.

Emissions results Preconditioning before all random cycle tests (3 EUDC)

Emissions results Average emissions (test averages and averaging windows)

Thank you! DG - Joint Research Centre (JRC) IES - Institute for Energy and Transport Pierre Bonnel pierre.bonnel@jrc.ec.europa.eu Martin Weiss martin.weiss@jrc.ec.europa.eu