The events that lead to airway narrowing and a reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 s in response to different indirect challenge tests. The events.

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Presentation transcript:

The events that lead to airway narrowing and a reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 s in response to different indirect challenge tests. The events that lead to airway narrowing and a reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 s in response to different indirect challenge tests. While hyperpnoea, mannitol and 4.5% saline all act to increase osmolarity that causes mediators to be released, adenosine acts to release mast cell mediators through a specific receptor on the mast cell. ASL: airway surface liquid; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s. Modified from [2] with permission from the publisher. S.D. Anderson breathe 2011;8:53-60 ©2011 by European Respiratory Society