Takeshi Shinkawa, MD, Xinyu Tang, PhD, Jeffrey M

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Valved Polytetrafluoroethylene Conduits for Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction Takeshi Shinkawa, MD, Xinyu Tang, PhD, Jeffrey M. Gossett, MS, Thikra Mustafa, PhD, Festus Hategekimana, BS, Fumiya Watanabe, PhD, Takako Miyazaki, MD, Masaaki Yamagishi, MD, Michiaki Imamura, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 100, Issue 1, Pages 129-137 (July 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.02.114 Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 (A) Side and (B) top views are shown of the initial expanded polytetrafluoroethylene bicuspid valved conduit and (C) side and (D) top views are shown of the modified tricuspid valved conduit with bulging sinuses. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.02.114) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Kaplan-Meier estimates with 95% confidence intervals (dashed line) show the freedom from (A) conduit reoperation (solid line), (B) conduit reintervention (solid line), and (C) conduit malfunction. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.02.114) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 The Kaplan-Meier estimates show the freedom from (A) conduit reoperation, (B) conduit reintervention, and (C) conduit malfunction among the small conduits (12 mm and 14 mm, dotted line), medium conduits (16 mm and 18 mm, dashed line), and large conduits (≥20 mm, solid line). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.02.114) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 The images from the scanning electron microscopy examination show (A) outside images and (B) inside images with indicated magnification for the original expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tube, the ePTFE conduit with bulging sinuses at the bulging sinus edge, and the ePTFE conduit with bulging sinus at the bulging sinus center. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.02.114) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 The result from the unidirectional pull test (A) in the longitudinal direction and (B) in the circumferential direction shows the difference in sample length on the x-axis and the load to pull the sample in the y-axis. The peak of the graph was considered the maximum tolerated load. (CL = control in the longitudinal direction shown in solid and dotted lines; CR = control in the circumferential direction shown in solid and dotted lines; S3X = 3-sinus graft in the longitudinal direction shown in dashed lines; S3Y = 3-sinus graft in the circumferential direction shown in dashed lines.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 129-137DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.02.114) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions