French contribution to the 2008-2009 EMEP intensive field campaigns Paolo LAJ, Patrice CODEVILLE, Karine SELLEGRI, Jean-Luc JAFFREZO TFMM Meeting Paris, France 15-16 June, 2009

Research Institutes and Sites 2 research sites Puy de Dôme and Peyrusse Vieille 3 Institutes: LaMP CNRS-Clermont-Ferrand, Ecole des Mines de Douai, LGGE CNRS-Grenoble 2 Campaigns (winter/summer) Mixing Level 1,2 and 3 measurements and monitoring/research oriented institutes Funded through EU programs EUSAAR, EUCAARI and ADEME TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Measurement sites Puy de Dôme, 1465 m EMEP Level 3 Summer and winter campaigns Winter campaign anticipated (construction) Focus on particles Peyrusse-Vieille, 200 m EMEP Level 2 (winter campaign) Focus on VOCs TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Measurements performed (particles) Measurements performed relatively well except for 1-frequent power failures, 2-lidar laser failure during summer campaign TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Measurements performed (particles)- status 1- Continuous EUSAAR information (SMPS, Abs. Coeff., Diff. Coeff.) already sent to EBAS as part of EUCAARI contribution to EMEP 2- Lidar, AMS, HTDMA analysis currently under progress (K. Sellegri et al., LaMP, Vincent Michaud, PhD thesis) 3- Filter Chemistry currently under progress (J.-L. Jaffrezo et al., LGGE) TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Preliminary results: 1- Particle number and BC concentration Particle concentration during summer campaign. Mean concentration = 4000 part. cc (winter 1000 part. cc) Mean BC concentration winter :250 ng m-3. N Signal shows strong diurnal variations (max around noon and mean early morning). Less pronounced during winter – PDD in FT Impact of nucleation events recorded in the signal TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Preliminary results: 2- Size distribution Mostly bimodal distribution showing Aitken (30 nm) and accumulation (100nm) modes. Respective contributions of both modes changing according to air masses Nucleation events take place mid-morning especially during summer at BL/FT interface Signal is strongly influenced by BL development during the day, especially for summer campaign TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

3-D distribution of aerosol particles- Lidar Lidar located at Cezeaux site (400 m) below puy de Dôme (12 km distance) Used in backscattered mode to determine the height of the boundary layer. Identify when the Puy de Dôme station is inside or above the B.L. Example of september 23rd. Cloudy day with clouds used as tracer of the B.L. PDD entered in the B.L. at about 12:00 (U.T.C.). Work in progress for the determination of the B.L. retrieved with the backscattering coefficient TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Aerosol chemical composition Inorganic and crustal compounds measurements in PM10 and PM2.5 HNO3/NH3/SO2 gaz ; NO3p/NH4p/SO4p ; Cl/Na/Mg/Ca/K : measurements performed using the denuder/filterpack method, daily sampling in parallel for PM10 and PM2.5 every other day + 1 blank/week Summer Partisol 2300 sampler Mass concentration in PM2,5 Winter : 2,5 µg m-3 (50% sub-µ) Summer: 8 µg m-3 (70% sub-µ) Winter : large fraction of primary OC from biomass combustion Summer: large fraction of secondary OC Winter TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Aerosol chemical composition (AMS) Aerosol Mass Spectrometer measurements under analyses (Sellegri et al.,) Measurements performed during winter and summer campaigns Chemistry segregated during day shows that variability is driven by both vertical transport and chemical process TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Advanced chemical composition- Levoglucosan, 14C, HULIS and other tracers Work performed in association with LCE (U. Marseille) and LCME (U. Chambéry) Analyses in progress. Laboratory part of OC/EC and levoglucosan intercomp. Exercises Analyses ready by Automn 2009 Interesting feature: levoglucosan / 137Cs correlation in winter (from Bourcier et al., submitted) TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Particle hygroscopic properties Measurements performed using newly developed HTDMA. Problems controlling RH during periods with elevated thermal excursion Trimodal or bimodal HGF: externally mixed Analysis under progress within EUCAARI TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Volatile Organic Compounds Measurement campaigns summer campaign, from 18th Sept. to 16th Oct., at Puy-de-Dôme (France) winter campaign, from 27th Feb. to 26th March, at Peyrusse-Vieille (France) Volatile Organic Compounds measurements 51 VOCs (from ethane to trimethylbenzenes), considered as precursors of ozone in troposphere or tracers of various emission sources, measurements performed using an on-line method Carbonyls compounds, considered as residuals products of photochemical reactions and therefore used as tracers for aged air masses, measurements through active sampling upon cartridges impregnated with DNPH Biogenic compounds, such as monoterpens, long chain alkans and long chain carbonyl compounds, suspected to be precursors for SOAs, analysis method, based on active sampling onto multisorbent cartridges and thermodesorption coupled with GC analysis Chemcomb cartridge TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

GC unit and carbonyl/adsorbent tubes sampler Volatile Organic Compounds Peyrusse Vieille : Working rate of 81,7% for the period 379 chromatograms on the on-line system, 169 samples of carbonyl compounds 182 samples on adsorbent tubes A total of 87 compounds monitored Puy de Dôme : few samples are valid because of technical problems and climatic conditions (mainly humidity) Measurements of O3, CO, SO2, NOx available at both sites as part of regular monitoring activities GC unit and carbonyl/adsorbent tubes sampler TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Volatile Organic Compounds First results of VOCs winter campaign, from 27th February to 26th March, at Peyrusse-Vieille Week 1 Week 4 Analysis of diurnal variations : Influence of remote sources, through vertical transfer mechanism and influence of a local anthropogenic source Submission of paper at Air Pollution 2009, 20-22 July 2009, Tallinn, Estonia , Detournay A. TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France

Conclusions France has been very active within the EMEP initiative both through monitoring and research oriented activities Campaign analysis is still under progress. Expected submission to EBAS finalized by end of 2009 Work in progress through EUSAAR and EUCAARI initiatives at PDD. Results shows strong winter/summer contrasts due to both vertical transport (FT/BL) and secondary processes (summer) Thanks you for your attention !!! TFMM, 15-16 June, Paris, France