Basal Ganglia April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Neural centers for control of movements Motor cortex Basal ganglia Brain Stem Cerebellum Spinal Cord Skeletal muscles April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Basal Ganglia Placed deep beneath the cerebral cortex Lateral to the dorsal thalamus April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Basal Ganglia Form an important sub-cortical link between Associative cerebral cortex Motor cortex Disorders result into severe disturbances Muscle tone, posture and movement April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Basal ganglia Caudate nucleus Putamen Thalamus Globus pallidus Corticospinal fibres April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Basal Ganglia Tail of Caudate Nucleus Caudate Nucleus Putamen,GP Amygdala Fibres to and from spinal cord April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Basal Ganglia Composed of Caudate nucleus & putamen Caudate nucleus, putamen, Globus pallidus Caudate nucleus & putamen Neostriatum Putamen & globus pallidus Lenticular nucleus Others Substantia Nigra Subthalamic nucleus (body of luys) April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Cortex - + Ach - Striatum 5HT Thalamus Pallidus GABA Dopamine GABA Glutamate + Ach Striatum - 5HT Thalamus Pallidus GABA - Dopamine GABA Sub Thalamic Nucleus GABA S.Nigra RF Raphe Nucleus April 28, 2019 basal ganglia RF To Spinal Cord

Functions of Basal Ganglia Neurons in the basal ganglia Like those in the lateral cerebella hemisphere Discharge before movements begins April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia The concept that Basal ganglia are involved in The planning and programming of movement Involved in the process by which Abstract thought Converted into Voluntary action April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia Discharge via thalamus To areas related to motor cortex CST provide Final common pathways to motor neurons April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia The BG; Thalamus; Cerebellum and motor cortex Are involved in planning and programming movements April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Control of Voluntary Movements Plan Execute Basal ganglia Cortical association area Premotor and motor cortex Movement Idea Intermediate cerebellum Lateral cerebellum April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia BG forms Accessory motor system That function in close association with cerebral cortex Receives input signals from cerebral cortex April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia Returns almost all its output to the cortex Important in the execution of patterns of motor activities April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia It plays a role in The cognitive control of sequences of movement Cognition is the Thinking process of the brain Utilizing both sensory input Stored information April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia Motor action occurs As a consequence of thought generated in mind Caudate nucleus plays a major role in The cognitive control of motor activity April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia The caudate nucleus and putamen Function together in association With the motor cortex to control Complex pattern of motor activities April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Function of Basal Ganglia Caudate nucleus & putamen Initiate and regulate gross intentional movement of the body Writing alphabets Cutting paper with scissors Hammering nails Passing a football April 28, 2019 basal ganglia

Functions of Basal Ganglia The globus pallidus, sub-thalamic nucleus and brain stem Help in the control of axial and girdle movements of the body The basal ganglia provide the motor pattern Necessary to maintain postural support required for motor commands to be executed April 28, 2019 basal ganglia