Effect of Topical Anesthetics on Needle Insertion Pain During Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections for Limb Spasticity Sharon Fung, MD, Chetan P. Phadke,

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Effect of Topical Anesthetics on Needle Insertion Pain During Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections for Limb Spasticity Sharon Fung, MD, Chetan P. Phadke, PhD, Alice Kam, MD, Farooq Ismail, MD, Chris Boulias, MD, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 93, Issue 9, Pages 1643-1647 (September 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.03.012 Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Sites on the gastrocnemius muscle chosen for local anesthetic application. The numbers represent the quadrants used for different types of anesthetic; each quadrant was randomly assigned to 1 of 4 anesthetic conditions. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 1643-1647DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2012.03.012) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Mean percent change in pain perception compared with the control condition (no anesthetic). Error bars represent SE of the mean. *Significantly different (P<.05); **P=.057. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012 93, 1643-1647DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2012.03.012) Copyright © 2012 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions