MACHINE DRAWING NAME : SYED AMER UR RAHMAN B.TECH 2 – 2 TOPIC: SCREW FASTENERS

NOMENCLATURE OF THREADS Angle Flank Lead out side diameter Root / Core dia Nominal diameter Root Pitch Crest NOMENCLATURE OF THREADS

EXTERNAL THREAD INTERNAL THREAD

TYPES OF THREADS T P 90 d T= d = 0.5P SQUARE THREAD

TYPES OF THREADS 55° P d/6 D d D=0.96P d=0.64P WHITWORTH THREAD

TYPES OF THREADS p T d 29° T=0.3707p d= 0.5p + 0.25 mm ACME THREAD

TYPES OF THREADS d/8 P D F d 45° D = P d = 0.75P BUTTRESS THREAD

TYPES OF THREADS P R D R=0.25P D=0.5P KNUCKLE THREAD

HEXAGONAL NUT AND WASHER 40 w 52 48 24 20 100 24 3 HEXAGONAL HEADED BOLT WITH HEXAGONAL NUT AND WASHER

RIVETED JOINTS Types of riveted joints Rivets are used to fasten permanently two or more plates or pieces of metal .Joints made with rivets are called riveted joints. They are commonly used in ship building and for the Construction of steel buildings ,bridges ,boilers ,tanks, etc. Plates joined together by means of a riveted joint cannot be disconnected without Chipping –off rivet heads from one side of the joint Types of riveted joints Lap joint:- In a lap joint the plates to be connected over lap each other Butt joint:- In a butt joint edges of the plates to be connected butt against each other and the joint between them is covered by butt –plates

Double riveted lap joint Double riveted (zig zag) lap joint Pr L Double riveted (zig zag) lap joint A Pd P 1.5d Pr t

Single riveted butt joint P A A Single riveted butt joint

FOUNDATION BOLTS These bolts are used for fixing machines to their foundations. Simple forms of these bolts can quickly forged from mild steel or wrought iron bar .These bolts are suspended in hole and cement grout is then poured to fill up the space around them

EYE FOUNDATION BOLT D

RAG FOUNDATION BOLT 48 72 120

LEWIS FOUNDATION BOLT ø24 24 16 36 105

0.8D 1.5D 2D 2D 0.4D 1.5D LIFTING EYE-BOLT

2D D D 2D EYE BOLT

TYPES OF NUTS D 0.25D 2.2D Flanged nut

D 0.5D 0.25D 1.5D+3 Cap nut

0.5D D D Dome nut

1.8D D 0.2D Capstan nut

0.5D 1.8D 1.5D D Ring nut Wing nut

PREVENTION OF ROTATION OF BOLTS T-headed bolt 0.8D D 1.8D Hook bolt 0.8D D Counter sunk headed bolt 0.8D D Cup headed bolt D 0.8D

Square headed bolt Cup headed bolt Cheese headed bolt

LOCKING ARRANGEMENT FOR NUTS SPLIT-PIN

D 0.6D LOCK NUT OR CHECK NUT

NUT BOLT WITH SPRING WASHER

CASTLE NUT WITH A SPLIT PIN

SLOTTED NUT WITH A SPLIT PIN

COTTER JOINT

KNUCKLE JOINT

FLANGE COUPLING

PROTECTIVE FLANGE COUPLING

FOOT STEP BEARING BUSHED BEARING

PLUMMER BLOCK

PREVENTING ROTATION OF BRASSES By making a step rectangular on the one outside and fitting inside a corresponding hole

PREVENTING ROTATION OF BRASSES SNUGS By snugs at the side

PREVENTING ROTATION OF BRASSES SNUGS By snugs at the top fitting inside the cap. the oil hole is drilled inside a corresponding hole.

PREVENTING ROTATION OF BRASSES by making the step octagonal on the outside and fitting inside a corresponding hole.