Comparison of Shoulder Muscle Electromyographic Activity During Standard Manual Wheelchair and Push-Rim Activated Power Assisted Wheelchair Propulsion.

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Comparison of Shoulder Muscle Electromyographic Activity During Standard Manual Wheelchair and Push-Rim Activated Power Assisted Wheelchair Propulsion in Persons With Complete Tetraplegia Lisa Lighthall-Haubert, MPT, Philip S. Requejo, PhD, Sara J. Mulroy, PhD, Craig J. Newsam, DPT, Ernest Bontrager, MS, JoAnne K. Gronley, DPT, Jacquelin Perry, MD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 90, Issue 11, Pages 1904-1915 (November 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.023 Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 (A) PAPAW. (B) Standard WC placed on ergometer. (C) Custom adjustable wheel axle plate for standard pushrim WC. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1904-1915DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.023) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Velocity-matched fast propulsion. *Significantly different from PAPAW. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1904-1915DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.023) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Electromyographic activity of anterior deltoid (ADELT), pectoralis major (PECMAJ), supraspinatus (SUPRA), and infraspinatus (INFRA) during simulated 8% graded propulsion with a standard WC and a PAPAW from a subject with C7 tetraplegia. Solid bars indicate push phase. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1904-1915DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.023) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 (A) Median electromyographic intensity—matched fast propulsion. (B) Peak electromyographic intensity—matched fast propulsion. (C) Electromyographic duration—matched fast propulsion. Abbreviations: ADELT, anterior deltoid; INFRA, infraspinatus; PECMAJ, pectoralis major; SUPRA, supraspinatus. *Significantly different from standard WC . Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1904-1915DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.023) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Electromyographic activity of the anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus during self-selected free propulsion with a standard pushrim, self-selected free propulsion with a PAPAW, and self-selected fast propulsion with a standard pushrim and a subject with C7 tetraplegia. Solid lines indicated push phase of propulsion. Abbreviations: ADELT, anterior deltoid; FREE, free propulsion; INFRA, infraspinatus; PECMAJ, pectoralis major; SS FREE, self-selected propulsion; STANDARD, standard pushrim; SUPRA, supraspinatus. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009 90, 1904-1915DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2009.05.023) Copyright © 2009 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Terms and Conditions