Bellringer Involvement in the Spanish-American War, acquisition of Hawaii, and introduction of the Open Door policy in China were actions taken by the United States Government to a. establish military alliances with other nations b. gain overseas markets and sources of raw materials c. begin the policy of manifest destiny d. support isolationist forces in Congress Review expectations of class

Learning Targets Standard: Identify and analyze the causes and significant events of World War I and their impact; evaluate the impact of the Treaty of Versailles Learning Target: I can explain why the United States became involved in World War I. I can describe the impact of World War I on the homefront.

William McKinley – Open Door Policy By the late 19th century, Japan and the European powers had carved much of China into separate spheres of influence. The U.S. held no sphere of influence in China. 1899 "Open Door" policy = all nations would have equal trading and development rights throughout all of China. Such a policy would put all the imperialist powers on equal footing in China and would limit the advantages of having one’s own sphere of influence.

Theodore Roosevelt – Roosevelt Corollary / Big Stick 1904 - the Dominican Republic went bankrupt. Theodore Roosevelt feared other nations might intervene forcibly to collect their debts. Roosevelt issued the Roosevelt Corollary (to the Monroe Doctrine) as part of a 1904 message to Congress. The U.S. had the responsibility to preserve order and protect life and property in the nations of the Western Hemisphere. (using the military if necessary). Roosevelt and later U.S. presidents cited the corollary to justify U.S. intervention in the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Nicaragua, Mexico and Haiti. "I have always been fond of the West African proverb: 'Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far.’” -Theodore Roosevelt

William Howard Taft - Dollar Diplomacy Late in his administration, the president described his actions as “substituting dollars for bullets.” He went to great lengths to help develop American business interests in foreign areas. In Latin America, Taft sought to protect the approaches to the Panama Canal. In the Far East, he attempted to safeguard the integrity of China and promote the open door policy.

Woodrow Wilson – Moral Diplomacy He advocated "moral diplomacy" (a policy that made the U.S. the conscience of the world). He hoped to spread democracy, condemn colonialism, and promote peace. While he pledged to limit American interventions in Latin America, he ended up intervening more than any previous President, deploying troops to Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua and Mexico.

We’re going on a world tour of U.S. Imperialism! Get your Passport! We’re going on a world tour of U.S. Imperialism! Locate each country on the map and write the corresponding letter. Panama Mexico Puerto Rico Philippines Hawaii China

U.S. Imperialism Around the World Step 1 – summarize 4 facts about U.S. intervention in each country Step 2 – use the quotes provided to determine how these actions were perceived by the U.S and how they were perceived by the people of the other nation.

World War I (WWI) 1914-1918 U.S Involvement 1917-1918

Causes of World War I: M-A-N-I-A M- MILITARISM: building up nation’s amount of weapons A-ALLIANCES: secret relationships between countries N-NATIONALISM: extreme pride for one’s own nation I- IMPERIALISM A-ASSASSINATION of Archduke Ferdinand Archduke and his wife right before his assassination by an extreme Serbian nationalist

2. Countries Involved Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Allied Powers: Great Britain France Italy Russia U.S. (eventually) Countries Involved

3. United States Involvement Neutrality 1914-1917 Trade w/ Central and Allied Powers Food Weapons War materials U.S. sympathized with Great Britain

4. U.S. Gets Involved U-Boat(submarine) attacks Lusitania sinking Zimmerman Note: notes from one German official to another that said if the U.S. entered WWI, Germany would be allies with Mexico and help them fight the U.S.

PRIMARY DOCUMENT ACTIVITY Why did the U.S. Get involved in World War I if it was majority a European conflict? Jigsaw Activity: Each member in the groups gets one of the documents to read. Group member has to list the reasons their document gives for entering in the war with the quote from the reading Students share answers and compile a master list

5. WARFRONT Selective Service Act Trench Warfare New Technologies Country Total Causalities Russia 9,150,000 France 6,160,800 Britain 3,190,235 Italy 2,197,000 United States 323,018 Germany 7,142, 558 Austria-Hungary 7,020,000 Turkey 975,000 Selective Service Act Military Draft Trench Warfare New Technologies Machine gun Flame thrower Poison Gas U-boats Airplanes

6. HOMEFRONT Mobilization: organize a nation’s resources for war Propaganda – “sell” the war Everyone help war effort! Victory Gardens: Grow own produce War bonds : Nat’l gov’t sell bonds to help fund war Espionage and Sedition Act: made it illegal to express opposition to the gov’t or the war Purpose: to suppress anti-war sentiments Schenck v. United States: the government can restrict freedom of speech in times of “clear and present danger”

Propaganda Activity For each of the 4 posters you will need to: Analyze the image: labeling all the artistic devices What is the poster persuading the U.S. people to do? How is the poster trying to make you (the viewer) feel – What emotions would a U.S. citizen feel when looking at this poster Please write in complete sentences.

7. Anti-War Groups Pacifists: people who for political, moral, or religious reasons oppose all wars. Wanted leaders of neutral countries to act as peacemakers Women’s Peace Party: believed that entry into the war would make the nation’s leaders forget about all the social and progressive reforms that had been gained African Americans: didn’t understand why the nation was fighting for democracy abroad when Af. Am. Were unprotected at home

Exit Slip Why did the US get involved in the war?