Skeletal System

The Skeletal System Bones are hard, white, and mainly composed of a mineral compound called calcium phosphate. Organs: the organs of the skeletal system are: BONES and JOINTS

4 Functions of the Skeletal System Protection: Bones protect the organs of the body. (ex. Brain, lungs, and heart) and hold organs in place 2. Contains and Makes Blood Cells: Red and white blood cells are formed by tissue called marrow, which is in the center of the bone.

4 Functions of the Skeletal System 3. Support: Provides support for the body and the muscles. Muscle attached to bones!!

4 Functions of the Skeletal System 4. Storage: Bones store minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus, for use by the body

Various Bone Functions Backbone: Provides structure, which allows the body to stand up straight. Skull: Acts as a hard, safety helmet to protect the brain.

Various Bone Functions Vertebrae: surrounds the spinal cord. Rib Cage: Protects the heart and lungs.

Joints of the Skeletal System Six basic joints 1. Ball and Socket Hinge Pivot Saddle Gliding Immovable

Joints cont. Ball and Socket: -Located at the shoulder and the hips Hinge: work like a door hinge, they are located at the knee, elbow, and fingers.

Joints of the Body Ball and Socket Joint: Round end of bone fitting snuggly within another bone. Ex. Shoulder and Hip

Joints of the Body Hinge Joint: Movement at joint in one direction like a door. Ex. Knee and Elbow

Joints cont. Pivot Joints: found in the neck and the two bones of the lower arm. Saddle Joints: found at the base of the thumb

Joints of the Body Pivot Joint: Bone resting atop another bone permitting free movement. Ex. Neck, Wrist and Ankles

Joints cont. Gliding: found between the bones of the hands and feet. Immovable: found in the skull and the pelvis.

Joints of the Body Fixed Immovable: Joint does not move Ex. Skull Gliding Joint: Bones slipping over other bones with a free flowing movement. Ex. Knuckles

Pelvis (Dancing Bone)

Femur (Largest Bone in the Body)

Problems of the Skeletal System Fracture: Break Dislocation: Out of joint

Problems of the Skeletal System Sprain: Swelling in the joint Arthritis: Inflamed and stiff joints

Problems of the Skeletal System!! Scoliosis: Curvature of the spine Osteoporosis: Brittle bones