THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR 1861-1865

The Civil War: Union North vs Confederacy South

Confederate Union

CAUSE #1? Election of Lincoln Southern States felt they were bullied by the North when he was elected

1860 Election Results

States’ Rights regarding taxation and slavery Cause #2 States’ Rights regarding taxation and slavery

Cause 3:Abolitionism

Abolitionists Frederick Douglas was the editor of an abolitionist newspaper.

John Brown He and his sons brutally murdered 5 slave masters in Kansas. (1858) Tried to incite a slave revolt

Cause 4: Slavery

Compromise of 1850

Cause 5: Sectionalism

Sectionalism at its worst! Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA) Congr. Preston Brooks (D-SC)

The War Begins at Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

Fort Sumter

The first States secede: South Carolina

Advantages of the Union (north)? Union had double the population Double the railroads 5 times as many factories

Confederate (Rebel) advantages (South) Confederates had the best generals Defending is always easier than attacking Farmers fight better than factory workers

First metal ships in world!

1863

Emancipation Proclamation It freed the slaves only in states that have seceded from the Union. It did not free slaves in border states. 1863 Emancipation = freedom

Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 Maryland Battle of Antietam September 17, 1862 The Battle of Antietam was fought on September 16–18, 1862. It was a confrontation between Union and Confederate forces under Generals George McClellan and Robert E. Lee. Federal armies brutalized the Confederacy; the combined casualties were more than twenty-three thousand. The Union pushed Lee and his troops back to Antietam Creek, but the stubborn Confederate general counterattacked with all his troops. The two sides fought to a standstill, and both armies withdrew. CICERO © 2010

More efficient and deadly

Gettysburg – Turning Point Gettysburg is the largest battle in the history of the Western hemisphere. Over 100,000 people died in 3 days. It was the last time the South invaded the North.

Gettysburg Address that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. Abe Lincoln

Turning Point: Vicksburg Union General Ulysses S. Grant launched massive assaults on Vicksburg and terrorized the inhabitants. Federal troops pushed Confederate forces back as the size of the Union forces continued to increase. Confederate General John Pemberton surrendered to Grant on July 3, 1863.

Confederate Dead

Over 618,000 military deaths during Civil War.

After four bloody years of civil war, the South was defeated. On slide: Graphic. Click 1: After four bloody years… Click to next slide.

Civil War ended when Lee surrendered to Grant at APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE

Lincoln is assassinated

Quiz 1. When was the Civil War? 2. What was 1 cause of the CW? 3. What was another cause of CW? 4. Who was President during CW?