The Great Desert Battle

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 14: Section 4 (Part I) Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Soviet Union.
Advertisements

The Battle of El-Alamein and Operation Torch
Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe
US History. War Plans -Roosevelt and British leader Churchill meet -Germany is top priority -only an unconditional surrender is acceptable -Battle of.
TURNING POINTS of WWII.
War Plans -Roosevelt and British leader Churchill meet -Germany is top priority -only an unconditional surrender is acceptable -Battle of the Atlantic.
SECTION 3.  BY LATE 1941, THE AXIS POWERS PUSHED THE ALLIES NEARLY TO THE BREAKING POINT  AXIS POWERS OCCUPIED GREECE & YUGOSLAVIA  AXIS POWERS WERE.
The North African Campaign June 10,1940 – May 16, 1943.
Discussion How would you describe the tone of Churchill's speech? How would you describe the tone of Churchill's speech? Churchill's tone is hopeful.
Battle of Britain Britain stood alone to fight the Germans Winston Churchill (Britain Prime Minister) will not surrender Hitler turns his plans on Great.
World War II: A Non- Canadian Perspective Or, what was happening in the other theatres of the war.
North African Theater By Philip Greyling, Philip Greyling, Lucas McCormick, and Jasmine Morgan.
Retaking Europe Atlantic Charter Set of principles mutually agreed upon by FDR and Churchill that would guide them during the war and in the years following.
■ Essential Question: – What role did the United States play in fighting in Europe during World War II? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit 11.4: – Clicker Questions.
The Desert War El Alamein and Montgomery By: Kevin Burgess.
North Africa & Italy During WWII Chapter 20 Section 2.
Chap 25 Sec 3 B. North Africa and Italy 1. Erwin Rommel (Desert Fox) lead German Afrika Korps 2. Tried to take Egypt & Suez Canal 3. British General.
■ Essential Question: – What role did the United States play in fighting in Europe during World War II?
WAR IN AFRICA AND EUROPE Section 3. ALLIED ADVANCES Churchill convinced the Americans to push the Axis out of Africa before invading Europe Churchill.
Italians, Germans, Brits, and Yanks. Target is the Suez Canal While the Battle of Britain rages the Italians attack from Libya and are 60 miles within.
1) Repel Axis forces in Africa 2) Conquer Italy 3) Liberate France 4) Conquer Germany.
 Operation Husky (Invasion of Sicily 1943) was the largest amphibious operation in WW2  Operation Mincemeat was a deception plan carried out by Allied.
World War II - By Benjamin Lang - May 2015
Vocabulary Words blitzkrieg: lightning war amphibious: operating on land or water Luftwaffe: German Air Force.
By: Madi Hettich, Genevieve Avalani, Sydney Dinsmore, and Kat Atkinson
Ch 25 sec 2 As we have learned already, America was in no position to be a major contributor in the war right away. With the Pacific Fleet in ruins and.
Essential Question: What role did the United States play in fighting in Europe during World War II?
Battle of Britain July to October 1940 p270
World War II Europe.
“European Theater - Fighting World War II” notes
The Battle of El-Alamein and Operation Torch
THE BATTLE OF THE SOMME.
“Fighting World War II” notes “The USA and the Holocaust” activity
The War in North Africa The fight for the Mediterranean
Part One: The European Theater
D-Day. D-Day Instead of a full attack on Japan, the u. s Instead of a full attack on Japan, the u.s. decided to concentrate on germany first…Why?
Unit 7.4: World War II
Welcome back to WHIST! Key WW2 Battles.
Battle of El-Alamein & Operation Torch
Operation Barbarosa: Invasion of the Soviet Union
1. American’s Join the war
The War In Europe & North Africa
Unit 7.4: World War II
Africa and Eastern Front
Turning Points of the War
World War I and the Russian Revolution (1914–1924)
World War II: In Europe.
North Africa Rommel Vs Montgomery.
Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe
War for Europe & North Africa
The War In Europe & North Africa
Essential Question: What role did the United States play in fighting in Europe during World War II?
Essential Question: What role did the United States play in fighting in Europe during World War II?
Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe
Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe
“Fighting World War II” notes “The USA and the Holocaust” activity
Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe
Unit 8 Test: Wednesday, January 30
“Fighting World War II” notes “The USA and the Holocaust” activity
“Fighting World War II” notes “The USA and the Holocaust” activity
“Fighting World War II” notes “The USA and the Holocaust” activity
Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe
Germany used blitzkrieg tactics to dominate Eastern & Western Europe
DO NOW Who was Erwin Rommel?
The Eastern Front and the Mediterranean
By: Eva Mora & Yenessa Muniz
Chapter 18, section 2 The War in Europe.
“European Theater - Fighting World War II” notes
The Allies Turn the Tide
Actions in the African Theater
Presentation transcript:

The Great Desert Battle El Alamein The Great Desert Battle

Location El Alamein (small town in northern Egypt)

Key Figures Erwin Rommel Bernard Montgomery Claude Auchinleck

Background Allied Forces- Britain, France, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand Axis- Germany and Italy Allied forces get defeated in the Battle of Gazala and retreat to El Alamein Axis Forces had occupied most of Northern Africa

Reasons for the Battle Strategic Area(supply roots for allied forces) Axis forces already taken over much of Africa Axis forces wanted to occupy Suez Canal to gain access middle-eastern oil fields

Axis Plan: First Battle Rommel’s plan: Send divisions to flank British forces in order to keep the army in a small area To end the battle quickly to keep costs minimal

Allied Plan: First Battle Auchinleck’s plan: Hold position and defend Suez Canal Place mines and barbed wire Made sure to have a route to retreat in case they lost

Allied Forces Member Dear Diary, June,30th 1942 Today was a very depressing day for the allied force, yet again we were humiliated by the axis forces in the battle of Gazala, even though we had more troops and supplies, and this wasn't the first time, the axis army has always been more under supplied than us and it has still always come out on top. Now with this recent defeat we are being forced to retreat even further east. The Axis forces are quickly advancing and not giving use any time to prepare this has been one of their most successful strategies thought the war. I think that  Auchinleck will try to make a last stand near the small railway town of El Alamein, this location would be the best place that we have to try and stop the axis forces, because the Mediterranean Sea and the Qattara Depression would cover our flanks making it harder for the axis army to push us back. I hate to say it but even with this ground I don't think we can win. The tropes are also starting to lose respect for Auchinleck, and the general knows that some of the troops respect Rommel even more than him because today I received a letter saying ``....You must dispel by all possible means the idea that Rommel represents anything other than the ordinary German general....PS, I'm not jealous of Rommel``, and because of his recent defeats there is talk of him being replaced. We don't really know who would replace Auchinleck, but the main candidate so far would have to be Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery. Not only has he proven that he is an amazing leader but the troops respect him much more than Auchinleck. Well it's been a long night and now I think it's time to go to sleep and hope that tomorrow will be better day.  

First Battle July 1st to July 27th 1942 The focal point of the battle was when the Allied Forces initiated “Operation Manhood” Due to bad coordination from Allied Forces, the Axis Forces were able to push them back

Allied Forces Axis Forces 150,000  troops 96,000 troops 179 tanks 70 tanks 1,000+ artillery 650 artillery 1,500+ planes 500 planes

Outcomes Axis forces pushed back Allied Forces General Auchinleck was replaced by Bernard Montgomery Claude Auchinleck Bernard Montgomery

Axis Plan: Second Battle Rommel’s plan: To attack the British Forces while they were still preparing Changed battle formation between the Germans and Italian Did not want a large scale battle because of minimal resources

Allied Plan: Second Battle Montgomery’s Plan: Make a three staged planned which consist of the break-in, the dogfight, and the breaking Initiate “Operation Lightfoot” which purpose was to penetrate enemy lines. Engineers would disable mines in order to clear paths for artillery (e.g. tanks, anti-air missiles)

Second Battle October 23rd to November 4th 1942 The battle is divided into 5 phases: Phase 1: The Break In: Executed “Operation Lightfoot” Phase 2: The Crumbling: Allied Forces broke the Axis defences Phase 3: The Counter: Rommel repositioned troops to the Mediterranean Sea Phase 4: Operation Supercharge: Allied Forces attack Axis front lines in order to make them fight in the open Phase 5: The Break-Out: Rommel knew he was beaten and retreated even though Hitler warned him not to

Allied Forces Axis Forces 195,000 troops 116,000 troops 1,029 tanks 547 tanks 435 armored cars 192 armored cars 750 aircrafts 900 aircrafts 908 artillery 552 artillery 1,451 anti tank guns 1,063 anti tank guns

Erwin Rommel General of Axis Forces Dear Diary, NOVEMBER 4, 1942 This is the 13th day in the battle and I disobeyed Hitler’s order and surrendered and retreated my troops. I believe this was the right thing to do because if we continued fighting, countless lives would have been lost for no reason. Hitler told me earlier today not to retreat and should continue fighting. I told him it’s not use. But he gave me the “Victory or Death” speech. I got frustrated and without thinking, told him to go screw off. He’s crazy! He wanted us to continue fighting knowing that we’re going to lose anyway.  The astonishing thing was that the authorities, German and Italian, looked for the fault not in the failure of supplies or in our lack of air units, but in the command of troops. They’re blaming ME! THE GENERAL! Looking back the only mistake I made was not retreating earlier. I called for reinforcements but got freaking three people—okay, maybe more, but it wasn’t nearly enough for us to take on a battle. The German authorities basically set me up to fail. Now everybody thinks it’s my fault except for my troops that are still alive who still respect me as their general. Now I finally see how big a lunatic Hitler is. He doesn’t give a crap about his men and is a self centered idiot. That being said, I hope he’s not that mad at me because I still want to serve as General in future battles and earn back my honour. I heard two of my closest friends are planning a conspiracy to kill Hitler and want me part of it. I say there crazy. There’s no way I’m going to risk my life to kill Hitler. He has too much power. On top of that killing Hitler will just create another Civil War which I think is just as bad. Anyhow, the defeat in El Alamein is just the beginning. I hear we’re going to have another battle in Northern Africa but I just don’t know where. I’m probably going to lead it as well because of my experience in desert battles. I learned a lot in the battle of El Alamein and next time I will surely win and reclaim my fame and honour.

Outcome The Axis forces retreated from Egypt 25,000 Germans and Italians had been killed or wounded 13,000 Allied troops had been killed or wounded Allied Forces successfully defended Egypt

Importance Stopped Axis forces from gaining access to massive oil reserves Stopped Hitler from taking over all of Northern Africa http://www.history.co.uk/videos.html?bctid=73368335 001&El-Alamein

THE END