Advanced Scientific Research Wednesday, Dec 3, 2014 Advanced Scientific Research

Upcoming Dates Wed, Dec 3, Ch 5-7 worksheet due Tues, Dec 9, Final Research Portfolio Due! Bonus points (5) for turning it in on Monday.

Presentations! ~ 15 minute presentation (14-15 min or point deduction) Knowledge of research content Mastery of internship experience (take pictures!) Visual aesthetics Must attend all days, both blocks Grading: 80% ave of me and Dr. Adams 20% ave of 5 randomly selected classmates

FAQs Where do I put rubrics? Preferably with graded complete assignments Seven Source assignment is asked for in two places? In the class section, it’s just the instructions/directions. But you can put everything together in the Misc Section What about the Misc section? That list is recommended but not required. Overall, I expect the substance of the requirements. In the class sections, I will be flexible.

Research Portfolio General 12 point, single or space-and-a-half, professional font (APA or similar professional look) 3 ring binder with tabs Attractive – separation pages on tabs, pictures, etc Reference pages with SP and other sections as appropriate Use APA in-text citations and reference page format Opening Material Title page on outside and first page within; color, main question, your name Abstract: concise summary of the entire project (1/2 – ¾ page) Can include TOC with order (no page numbers) First Divider Final Research Proposal with color research map, all corrections My edited draft and rubric Peer edited draft and rubric Second – Fourth/Fifth/Sixth Divider – one per subproblem in this format Subproblem formatted as per directions All data tables filled in Conclusion including supp/not supp and any discussion Supporting evidence (papers, communication, data) as appropriate Reference Page as appropriate

Research Portfolio (cont) Literary Review Paper Divider Final, corrected copy of Lit Rev Paper My edited Lit Rev paper and rubric Peer Edited Lit Rev paper and rubric Miscellaneous Divider Resume *Photo Gallery or other information Conference Map Drafts Basic and Applied SP drafts Seven Source Assignment with copies of sources Research Class Divider Unit 1 Class material Unit 2 Class material Unit 3 Class material Unit 4 Class material

Notebook Requirements Unit 1 Unit 1 Handouts/Downloadable (but prefer original handouts with your notes) Course Syllabus Research Questions Example Handout PPT: Agenda Aug 14 (notes on inference, convergence, etc.) PPT: What Research is Not PPT: Research Cycle NIH Activity Directions Project 1.1/Epidemiology HW Directions Epidemiology Group Project Directions and Rubric Epidemiology Group Project PPT copy Unit 1 Student Work NIH Project PPT Project 1.1 and Epidemiology HW Epidemiology Group PPT

Notebook Requirements Unit 2 Unit 2 Handouts/ Downloadable Unit 2 Worksheet (Ch 2 and 4) PPT: Six Tools of Research APA Referencing and Retrieving Activity Worksheet Referencing and Retrieving Rubric CARS Handout PPT: Scientific Writing in Research 7 Source Assignment and Rubric (full assignment has own place in portfolio) Lit Review Paper Rubric (full assignment has own place in portfolio) Note: APA Sample paper is included on blog but not required in notebook.

Notebook Requirements Unit 3 Unit 3 Handouts/Downloadable PPT: Research Problem PPT: Developing a Concept Map PPT: Chapter 3 Modified Research Proposal Format

Notebook Requirements Unit 4 Unit 4 Handouts/Downloadable PPT: Wed Oct 1 Notes PPT: Wed Oct 8 Notes PPT: Wed Oct 22 Notes PPT: Wed Nov 5 Notes PPT: Wed Nov 12 Notes PPT: Wed Nov 19 Notes Research Map Conference Rubric Research Proposal Directions Basic SP Example Basic SP Rubric Basic SP Peer Edit Rubrix Applied SP Example Applied SP Peer Critique Abstract Example Ch 5-7 Worksheet (completed) Research Portfolio Guidelines Research Portfolio Rubric

Ch 5-7 Worksheet Google Drive: http://sites.google.com/site/crookscorner General criteria of research Nature and role of data in research Validity of Measuring Instruments Methods of demonstrating validity Reliability of Measuring Instruments Comparing Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches’ Validity of Method and Process (in addition to measuring instruments) Internal Validity External Validity Qualitative Research Designs

General Criteria For Research Universality: someone just as capable should be able to get the same results Replication: competent person can follow procedure with same parameters and obtain comparable results Control: isolate or control the factors that are central to the research Measurement: quantify research

Nature and Role of Data Data: pieces of info available to researchers that represent underlying truths Primary data: observed or collected directly from a first-hand experience Secondary data: data derived from primary data Data is transient

Validity of Measurement Instruments Extent to which an instrument measures what it is supposed to measure Face Validity: looks like it is measuring a particular characteristic Construct Validity: measures a characteristic that cannot be measured (construct) Content Validity: represents all facets of a given concept Criterion Validity: result of measurement correlates with another

Measuring Validity Multitrait Method Approach: two or more characteristics each measured using two or more different approaches Table of Specifications: two dimensional grid listing specific topics and behaviors that reflect the domain Judgement by a Panel of Experts: several experts are asked to scrutinize instrument’s performance

Reliability of Measurement Instruments Reliability: extent to which it yields consistent results when the characteristic hasn’t changed Interrater Reliability: two or more individuals evaluating the same characteristic give same judgements Internal Consistency Reliability: measure of reliability of different tools intended to measure same Equivalent Forms Reliability: extent to which two different versions of same instrument yield similar results Test-retest Reliability: extent to which same instrument yields same result on different occasions

Quantitative Research Answers questions about measurable variables Traditional, experimental, positivist Purpose: explain, predict, control phenomena Nature: focused, clearly established guidelines, unbiased view, known variables, perdetermined methods Data: numerical, large samples represent whole, standardized measuring instruments Analysis: statistical, aggregated data, deductive reasoning

Qualitative Research Answers questions about relationships or qualities not directly measureable Interpretive, constructivist, positivist Purpose: explain, predict, control phenomena Nature: interpretations and measurements can change, data leads to patterns and context-based info; few known variables, tends toward bias Data: not easily divided into discrete, measureable variables; researchers are the tools Analysis: observations, inductive reasoning, look for patterns

Two Basic Validity Questions Does the study have sufficient controls to ensure that the conclusions we draw are truly warranted by the data? Can we use what we have observd in research to make generalizations about the world beyond that specific situation?

Internal Validity Extent to which a research study’s design and the data it yields allow the researcher to draw accurate conclusions Controlled lab study: conducted in a lab - environmental condition can be carefully controlled Double blind experiment: neither participants nor admins know researcher’s hypothesis and two or more methods are compared Unobtrusive measures: people are observed in such a way that they do not know Triangulation: multiple sources are collected with the hope that they converge

External Validity Extent to the conclusions drawn can be generalized to other contexts; apply to real-world Real-life setting: conduct experiment in actual env not lab Representative sample: take sample and use that to represent whole Replication in different context: similar experiments done in different contexts Additional strategies: extensive time in field, negative case analysis, thick description, feedback from others, respondent validation

Case Study Collection and presentation of detailed info about a particular participant, group, or event Ethnographic: study group in natural setting Phenomenological: study that attempts to understand a person’s perspectives and understainding of a particular situation Grounded Theory: combines data and theory through the use of multiple stages

Applied Subproblem Peer Critique Vertical alignment Depth of knowledge Learning application from internship Detailed procedure(s) Data tables – inde and dep variables, drive hypothesis decision Survey questions present if needed Criteria to support and not support Supporting evidence Suggestions to enhance or improve