HEAT.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
S2 Revision Heat. Temperature Temperature is a measure of the hotness or coldness of something and is measured in ˚C. There are three different ways that.
Advertisements

How does Heat Energy transfer from one substance to another?
© Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD, 8th Grade What is Temperature? What happens when you use a thermometer to measure temperature? What Do You Think?
Heat Transfers. Methods of Heat Transfer  Conduction — When the two objects actually touch. This is the best method.  Convection — Through a circulation.
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES Particles move about more and take up more room if heated – this is why things expand.
Thermal Energy Transfers
By Ollie Docherty and Lauren Moore. Heat energy can move through a substance by conduction. Metals are good conductors of heat, but non-metals and gases.
1 1 Temperature and Thermal Energy Temperature and energy Glencoe: Chapter 9 – Section 1: pages
THERMAL Energy Chapter 5.
Section 2: Transferring Thermal Energy
Heat is a flow of energy due to temperature differences
Temperature and Heat. Temperature Kinetic energy is the energy that matter has due to the movement of that matter or within the matter Kinetic energy.
Ch Energy Transfer Kinetic Molecular Theory “Kinetic” = moving “Molecular” = all matter is made up of atoms and molecules So all matter is made up.
1 Y10 Science Heat and Energy 2 Insulation Aims: Describe how insulation is used to reduce energy transfers from buildings and the human body. Understand.
Types of HEAT Energy Transfers CONDUCTION Objects are in direct contact. Heat energy transfers when particles collide or objects in contact are TOUCHING.
© Fall 2005, Pflugerville ISD, 8th Grade What is Temperature? What happens when you use a thermometer to measure temperature? What Do You Think?
Lecture 5 Heat Transfer –Conduction –Convection –Radiation Phase Changes.
Thermal Energy 11/1/2011. What is thermal energy? Thermal energy is also known as heat and is the kinetic energy of all the molecules in a material. If.
HEAT TRANSFER By the end of this presentation you should be able to: Describe conduction, convection and radiation Appreciate that if two areas were at.
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES Particles move about more and take up more room if heated – this is why things expand.
Heating and Cooling. Heat and Temperature This cup of coffee will ____ ____ because it is _____ ____ heat energy into the surroundings. This drink (taken.
Transfer of heat Heat is a form of energy. It always flows from one place to another, that is from hot to cold places. Heat flows in 3 ways: 1) Conduction.
Thermal Energy.
Understanding Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Thermal Energy Transfer
Radiation, Conduction, Convection
Warm-Up Exercise Week 2 1/16/13
Understanding Heat Transfer, Conduction, Convection and Radiation
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES
5.2 Part 2 Heat Transfer.
Understanding Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation
21/05/2018 Heating and Cooling.
Ch Energy Transfer Kinetic Molecular Theory “Kinetic” = moving
Understanding Heat Transfer, Conduction, Convection and Radiation
INTEGRATED SCIENCE 11 CMH TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND VENTILATION
PUT THIS IN YOUR NOTEBOOK
Understanding Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Heat is a flow of energy due to temperature differences
TRANSFER OF HEAT ENERGY
Thermal Energy Heat.
Heat & Heat Transfer Heat: Heat is energy! Heat is the energy transferred (passed) from a hotter object to a cooler object. Heat Transfer: The transfer.
Terms to know: Conduction – heat transfer from direct contact with a source of thermal energy; energy is passed from particle to particle (happens most.
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES
Understanding Heat Transfer, Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
14/11/2018 Heating and Cooling W Richards Worthing High School.
Thermal Energy Transfer
Understanding Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Physics 1 Revision Lesson 1 Kinetic theory and Heat transfers
Thermal Energy, Heat, and Temperature
Heat and Heat Technology
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES
Chapter 6 Thermal Energy
Heat Transfers 1.
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES
Heat is a flow of energy due to temperature differences
Heat Transfer.
TRANSFER OF HEAT ENERGY
TEMPERATURE AND HEAT TRANSFER REVIEW
Understanding Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Heat is a flow of energy due to temperature differences
Energy 7a. Designing a diagram, model or analogy to show or describe the motion of molecules for a material in a warmer and cooler state. 7b. Explaining.
HEAT ENERGY What is HEAT? Form of energy and measured in JOULES
HEAT TRANSFER.
Understanding Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection and Radiation
Heat.
25/08/2019 Heating and Cooling W Richards The Weald School.
Presentation transcript:

HEAT

Particle Theory All objects are made of very small particles which are always moving. The speed of the particles depends on their temperature. The particles move fastest in a gas and slowest in a solid.

Gases

Liquids

Solids

The particles of solid objects move by vibrating. As a solid object warms up its particles begin to move faster. As a solid object cools down its particles begin to move slower.

So, when an object is hot its particles move faster than when that object is cooler. The higher the kinetic energy of an object’s particles the higher its temperature. The lower the kinetic energy of an object’s particles the lower its temperature.

When substances and objects are heated, their particles move faster and push each other further apart.

So heat causes solids, liquids and gases to expand in volume (i. e So heat causes solids, liquids and gases to expand in volume (i.e. get bigger). The particles stay the same size they just take up more room.

Solid Liquid Gas

this becomes Add heat

Solids expand the least because they have strong forces of attraction between the particles.

On extremely hot days railway lines and bridges can buckle due to expansion.

Engineers must take expansion into account when they are designing various structures. In the bridge example above, a gap must be left at one end, and that end supported by rollers. Otherwise, large stresses would arise, and the concrete would crack.

When substances lose heat their particles move more slowly and do not push each other apart so much. When solids, liquids and gases cool down they contract in volume (get smaller and take up less room).

Particles always stay the same size! They only take up more or less room depending on how much heat energy they have.

Transferring Heat Energy Heat energy moves from hot objects to cold objects. As the heat moves, the hot object cools down and the cooler object heats up. Eventually, both objects will reach the same temperature.

When you touch a cold object you don’t absorb ‘cold’ When you touch a cold object you don’t absorb ‘cold’. Instead you lose heat. Heat can move by three ways: Conduction Convection Radiation

Conduction of heat occurs mostly in solids. As particles in the solid are heated they vibrate faster. They cause their neighbouring particles to vibrate faster. So heat energy moves from the hot end to the cold end.

Metals are good thermal conductors because their free electrons can carry the heat.

Poor thermal conductors do not have electrons that are free to move Poor thermal conductors do not have electrons that are free to move. They include glass, plastic, wool, cloth, wood and ceramic. They are called thermal insulators.

Convection Occurs in liquids and gases because the particles are able to move freely. Heat is transferred by warm particles moving to cooler areas.

Cold gases (or liquids) are more dense than hot gases (or liquids) so sink. Hot gases (or liquids) are less dense than cold gases (or liquids) so float upwards (rise). A convection current of air

This movement sets up convection currents.

Some natural convection currents are wind and sea breezes as well as air moving inside a room.

Radiation Does not use any particles at all to move heat. Heat can even move through a vacuum, such as space, by radiation. Heat radiates by invisible infra-red waves.

Infra-red waves travel at the speed of light. All hot objects radiate heat.

Dark objects absorb more radiant heat energy than shiny or light-coloured objects. Dark objects also radiate heat faster than light-coloured objects.

Thermal insulators are those substances that are not good conductors of heat. These can be useful when we don’t want to lose heat from a room or to keep a drink hot.