Spectra Lab
Spectra Lab Purpose: We will observe and draw the three different types of spectra. Materials: Spectroscopes Light sources Colored pencils/crayons
Research Vocab: spec·trum (ˈspektrəm/ noun)-1. a band of colors, as seen in a rainbow, produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction according to wavelength. 2. the entire range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. in·can·des·cent (ˌinkənˈdes(ə)nt)light- emitting light as a result of being heated. fluo·res·cent (ˌflo͝o(ə)ˈresənt,flôrˈesənt) light- absorbing light of short wavelength and emitting light of longer wavelength.
Spectroscope Diagram A spectroscope works by: Using a spectroscope will separate light into its corresponding spectra. A spectroscope works by: Allowing a source of light to enter a narrow, slit-like opening Having it pass through a prism or diffraction grating And the result projected onto a screen for viewing. Narrow opening Prism Light source Screen
Kirchhoff's 3 Laws of Producing Spectra Research Kirchhoff's 3 Laws of Producing Spectra
Kirchhoff's Laws Research Continuous Spectrum First Law: A hot solid, liquid, or dense gas emits radiation at all wavelengths ("a continuous spectrum of radiation").
Kirchhoff's Laws Research Emission Spectrum Second Law: A low density hot gas in front of a cooler background emits radiation at a discrete set of isolated wavelengths. These discrete, isolated wavelengths are called the "emission lines" of the spectrum. The whole spectrum is called an "emission-line" spectrum. The wavelengths of the emission lines are unique to the type of atom that is producing the emission lines. 2 types of emission spectra
Kirchhoff's Laws Research Absorption Spectrum Third Law: A thin cool gas in front of a hotter solid, liquid, or dense-gas background removes the radiation from the background source at special wave lengths. The spectrum is dark lines superimposed on the continuous band of colors due to the background. These dark lines are called "absorption lines.“ The wavelengths of the absorption lines are unique to the type of atom that is producing the emission lines.
Absorption and Emission Lines Research Absorption and Emission Lines If a certain type of gas produces absorption lines at certain wavelengths when it is in front of a hot background, then when that same type of gas is seen in front of a cooler background, it produces emission lines at the exact same wavelengths.
Cool Hot Star Star 1st Law 3rd Law 2nd Law
1st Law- Continuous 2nd Law- Emission 3rd Law- Absorption
Procedure Procedure: Using the spectroscopes, observe and draw the different spectra. Use colored pencils or crayons to color your spectra correctly. Label 2 things: The type of spectrum it is (Continuous, Emission, Absorption) Which of Kirschhoff’s laws is shown (1st, 2nd , or 3rd Law)