Chapter 12 Science Test Notes

The female part of a flower is called the pistil. The male part of a flower is called the stamen. Seed plants have gametophytes that form within reproductive structures of the sporophyte.

One function of a stem is to transport food. The two types of vascular tissue in root and shoot systems are xylem and phloem. The phloem is not a characteristic shared by all plants.

Most seedless plants have two stages in their life cycle. Plants make food from carbon dioxide and water during photosynthesis. Seedless plants such as mosses and ferns have two stages in their life cycle.

Unlike animal cells, plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls. Young plant, stored food, and seed coat are the three things that make up a seed. In seed plants, sperm form inside of pollen.

In the sporophyte stage, plants produce spores asexually. The xylem carries water and minerals. Not all plants have flowers. Sperm of seedless plants need water to reach the eggs.

A stem that is soft, thin, and flexible is called a herbaceous stem. The main function of leaves is to make food by photosynthesis. Unlike gymnosperms, angiosperms have reproductive structures called flowers.

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Seedless plants reproduce sexually and asexually. An underground stem from which leaves and roots grow is called a rhizome. Vascular tissue is found in club mosses, but not in mosses.

Plants make spores in the sporophyte stage. The process by which chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight to make food from carbon dioxide and water is called photosynthesis.

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