Improved management of systemic venous anomalies in a single ventricle: New rationale  Antonio Amodeo, MD, Mauro Grigioni, MS, Sergio Filippelli, MD,

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Improved management of systemic venous anomalies in a single ventricle: New rationale  Antonio Amodeo, MD, Mauro Grigioni, MS, Sergio Filippelli, MD, Maria Giulia Gagliardi, MD, Costantino Del Gaudio, PhD, Umberto Morbiducci, PhD, Giuseppe D'Avenio, MS, Gianluca Brancaccio, MD, Roberto M. Di Donato, MD  The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  Volume 138, Issue 5, Pages 1154-1159 (November 2009) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.04.039 Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Angiographic appearance of unifocal bilateral bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis (A) and hepatoazygos venous connection (B). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 1154-1159DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.04.039) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Axial velocity vector plots in the transverse section of the 2 investigated configurations with bilateral superior vena cava: A, bifocal bilateral bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis; B, unifocal bilateral bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis. The velocity scale is defined as centimeters per second. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 1154-1159DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.04.039) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Pathline visualization: A, bifocal bilateral bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis; B, unifocal bilateral bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis. The pathlines are color coded according to the velocity magnitude (in centimeters per second). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 1154-1159DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.04.039) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Pathline visualization: A, Kawashima cavopulmonary anastomosis after incorporation of the hepatoazygos venous connection; B, Kawashima cavopulmonary anastomosis with the classical hepatic vein–pulmonary artery conduit connection. The pathlines are color coded according to the velocity magnitude (in centimeters per second). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 1154-1159DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.04.039) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Power-loss versus flow rate plots for the anatomic models investigated: A, Kawashima cavopulmonary anastomosis after incorporation of the hepatoazygos venous connection; B, Kawashima cavopulmonary anastomosis with the classical hepatic vein–pulmonary artery conduit connection. BCPA, Bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2009 138, 1154-1159DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.04.039) Copyright © 2009 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions