Thailand conservation analysis Please READ Instructions in the notes section BELOW. You may ADD extra notes in this section below these instructions Please DELETE this box. Student Number:3577218 BDC332 practical faculty November 2018 Please use this template to answer your Practical Exam Question. Ensure you have YOUR STUDENT NUMBER on the Title Page and this PowerPoint file is renamed to reflect your student number and the country you analysed. The completed PowerPoint needs to be put onto a computer and you attach your name to the computer. The data includes that downloaded from IUCN Red Data List, DIVA GIS, WWF Ecoregions, Protected Planet, and ESRI. You may add images but please credit/attribute them using an in-text numbering system and a reference list on the final page. BCB/ESS Kingdom of Thailand

Introduction location Prepare a location map using your GIS with a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a figure caption. Your map should include neighbouring countries and their Capital cities. please include an overview map.

Biodiversity description andthreats Introduction The natural world of biological diversity is concentrated in tropical forests and coral reefs, including those that exist in Thailand. Thailand is a relatively small country with a total area of about 513,000 km2. Thailand also has long coastlines of some 2,600 km facing the South China Sea to the east and the Andaman Sea on the west side. In the past, 70 percent of the total land area was covered with various kinds of tropical forest including broad-leaved evergreen, dry dipterocarp and pine forest, mixed deciduous forest, peat swamp forest and mangrove forest along coastlines (Figure 2). About 1/3 of the coastal areas are bordered by mangrove forests. These variations of forest type provide terrestrial and aquatic habitats for numerous life forms in complex ecosystems (Figure 3). Thailand’s tropical forests support some 12,000 species of vascular plants, roughly 15,000 known species of animals and about 10,000 known species of microorganisms. It is believed that more than 100,000 species of living organisms in these forests await discovery. Thus Thailand is situated in one of the richest areas of the world with regard to biological resources. The threats as shown in the diagram mentions all the impacts that the economy has on the environment which is a major threat to the species and habibtats. The hOusing section is the highest as the figure shows that it has the highest results and less damaged is the commercial and industrial sector.

CURRENT PROTECTED AREAS Methods This map shows the current protected areas that Thailand has. Maxan plays a big role for researchers as they can then study for the future and protect the environment for future references.

CONSERVATION TARGETS Percentage and Species penalty factors Methods The following maps are my targets that I can selected out. These are landcovers and species.

CONSERVATION planning units (ecological) Methods Prepare maps representing BOTH SYSTEMATIC and ECOLOGICAL PLANNING UNITS. You should prepare ONE slide for each type of Planning Units and explain how you prepared the Planning Units. The prepared map(s) should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS

CONSERVATION planning units (Systematic) Methods 1) Ensure you have downloaded the global Eco-regions data set and unzipped it. The file will be called wwf_wwf_terr_ecos.zip (Available from WWF website) 2) Ensure you have downloaded the appropriate Water basin Layer from http://waterbase.org/download_data.html 3) Unzip each folder and view using ArcView GIS 4) Load the Water basin, Terrestrial Eco-region and the respective countries Admin(0) – or country boundary. Make the Country Boundary unfilled and emphasise the line using Layer properties (very similar to how you do it in DIVA GIS) see below 5) You are going to clip out all areas that fall outside of your country boundaries (in our example the country is Bulgaria). 6) Make sure you have add geo-processing to your extensions and that this is the default. You will do the same for your Water Basin so it will look something like You know have the two layers and the best way to find the intersects of these two layers is to use the “Union” feature

CONSERVATION planning tenure Evaluating Protected areas Methods Prepare a Conservation Planning Tenures Map to ASSESS the efficiency of the EXISTING Protected Area Network: This needs to be prepared as a SINGLE ANNOTATED map which should include a title, scale bar, North direction, a comprehensive legend and a fully descriptive caption. DO NOT DISTORT THE MAPS.

CONSERVATION planning Explaining Marxan Marxan is used to asses the conservation plan or anaylsis of Thailand Analysis species and future species distribution. Uses specific percentage targets and penalty factors. Methods

Systematic CONSERVATION planning Explaining Marxan Core concepts are: Penalty targets Species distribution Current and future 10 percent penalty factor Methods Use this slide and simple drawings or flow diagrams to explain the core concepts of MARXAN. You should not use the IDRISI dialogue boxes. Ensure you use proper annotation and include a descriptive caption.

Systematic CONSERVATION planning Explaining Marxan Maxan inputs and outputs Planning units layer Penalty factor Boundary length file enable Repeated runs Threshold Target percentage Methods In summarized point form describe the parameter options you should select for the final RUN of the MARXAN analysis. You may use dialogue boxes to explain this section. (You do not need to run MARXAN as it would take too long to do the runs).

Expected Results Systematic CONSERVATION planning Marxan results provide Conservation targets Future and current distribution Expected Results Current and tenure PA as well as systematic conservation Explain using Diagrams the results you would expect to obtain from MARXAN. They do not need to be the actual results rather the form of the MARXAN outputs you would expect. You may use more than one slide to prepare this section.

Sources of data, attribution and acknowledgements /www.iucnredlist.org/ Maxan tutorial www.protectedplanet.net http://waterbase.org References