THE EXTENDED ESSAY What is it? How do I get started? Good and Bad Research Questions Some Common Problems

Basic Facts about the Extended Essay Requirement for the IB Diploma

Basic Facts Personal research by the student On a question or hypothesis chosen by the student, not assigned by the teacher In a subject or discipline listed by the IB (e.g., NOT Linguistics, Sociology or Mathematical Economics) In the format of a formal research paper

Basic Facts Length 4,000 words not including appendices, illustrations, bibliography, footnotes or endnotes with an abstract within 300 words

Basic Facts Assessed according to published criteria Counts towards additional diploma points along with Theory of Knowledge

WHO IS INVOLVED IN THE EXTENDED ESSAY? The student The student’s supervisor The IB Coordinator The International Baccalaureate Organization

GETTING STARTED ON THE EXTENDED ESSAY

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Decide which subject interests you the most. Without personal curiosity and interest, it’s impossible to do research.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC In that subject, make a list of the topical areas in the subject which interest you.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Discuss this list with your teacher, with friends, with parents and anyone else who you think may be able to give you advice or be interested.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Choose an area from this list, and read more in this area with advice from your supervisor.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC While reading, try and list questions that you are curious about. THIS MUST BE DONE RIGHT THROUGH THE RESEARCH PROCESS, SO....

KEEP A RESEARCH DIARY

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Ask yourself what data you might need to answer these questions whether you will have access to the data whether you will need to find other sources of data See whether there has been any research by others in this area.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Consult the librarian for help with tracking down research papers or writings, and read the abstracts.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Ask what methods you will need to adopt to answer the questions you have in mind.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Brainstorm and draw spider diagrams of questions and issues and connections between them.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Narrow down the number and scope of your questions as you proceed.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC Consult your supervisor at each stage, and in case of difficulty.

HOW TO CHOOSE A RESEARCH TOPIC EXPECT TO CHANGE YOUR MIND SEVERAL TIMES BEFORE YOU FINALLY SETTLE ON A TOPIC.

WHAT IS A GOOD RESEARCH QUESTION? One formulated by the student out of his/her own curiosity or interest Non-trivial (i.e., substantial, not speculative or too limited in scope, not self-evident) Sharply enough focused so that the student can answer it in 4,000 words.

EXAMPLE OF A BAD RESEARCH QUESTION ECONOMICS: Does globalization affect Sweden?

EXAMPLE OF A BAD RESEARCH QUESTION BIOLOGY: What causes cancer?

EXAMPLE OF A BAD RESEARCH QUESTION HISTORY: What would have happened to Turkey if the last Sultans had been more powerful?

EXAMPLE OF A BAD RESEARCH QUESTION GEOGRAPHY: Does Istanbul have a central business district? (variant of an example in The Extended Essay, IBO, 1998)

EXAMPLE OF A GOOD RESEARCH QUESTION ECONOMICS: Is there a connection between international coffee prices and living standards in Uganda?

EXAMPLE OF A GOOD RESEARCH QUESTION BIOLOGY: The ecology of snails in the Maria Park area.

EXAMPLE OF A GOOD RESEARCH QUESTION HISTORY: The establishment of foreign schools in Turkey in the 19th century

EXAMPLE OF A GOOD RESEARCH QUESTION GEOGRAPHY: How has migration affected land use patterns in XXX province?

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS Students discover too late that there is too little data, or data is inaccessible.

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS Bad pacing of the research and writing process

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS PLAGIARISM The use of the work of other authors (texts, data, creative productions, oral statements OR ideas) without proper acknowledgement, with the effect that it appears to be the plagiarist’s own work or idea.

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS Over-reliance on web-based sources

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS Students discover too late that their knowledge of the subject is not deep enough.

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS Ethical issues regarding gathering of data or performing of experiments

COMMON PROBLEMS WITH EXTENDED ESSAYS No contribution by the student – the extended essay is a compilation of information from other sources.

WHERE TO GET HELP Ask your supervisor. Heed his or her advice

GOLDEN RULES Don’t be too ambitious, you are not going to find a cure for cancer Don’t be trivial. Be focussed Keep within the discipline of the subject – it is an academic essay.

KEY POINT THE TITLE IS CRUCIAL Criteria A,; ”clearly and precisely stated, sharply focussed and effective treatment” Do point 1, and 2 and 3 follow naturally, and the essay will be of better quality. THE TITLE IS CRUCIAL