Advanced follicle development in xenografted prepubertal ovarian tissue: the common marmoset as a nonhuman primate model for ovarian tissue transplantation  Viktoria von Schönfeldt, Ph.D., Ramesh Chandolia, Ph.D., Ludwig Kiesel, M.D., Eberhard Nieschlag, M.D., Stefan Schlatt, Ph.D., Barbara Sonntag, M.D.  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 95, Issue 4, Pages 1428-1434 (March 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.003 Copyright © 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Mean unadvanced follicle number per section in cryopreserved prepubertal marmoset ovarian tissue before (A) and after (B) grafting. Oocytes more often displayed large vacuoles in the cytoplasm when fixed directly after thawing (arrowheads) than after xenografting. Primordial and primary follicle numbers were significantly lower after grafting compared with postthaw–pregraft tissues (C), and relative numbers of morphologically normal follicles were unchanged in primary and significantly increased in primordial follicles (D). Fertility and Sterility 2011 95, 1428-1434DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.003) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Influence of host ovariectomy on follicle number after grafting. In frozen–thawed ovarian tissues, the number of primary but not primordial follicles was significantly higher when grafted into ovariectomized as compared with intact animals (P=.023). Fertility and Sterility 2011 95, 1428-1434DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.003) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 In ovariectomized but not intact hosts the ratio of primary to primordial follicles was significantly higher during the course of the grafting period (2 and 4 weeks). A significant decrease the pregraft baseline level in the ratio of primary to primordial follicles was observed 8 weeks after grafting in ovariectomized hosts. Fertility and Sterility 2011 95, 1428-1434DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.003) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Beginning after a grafting period of 4 weeks, cryopreserved prepubertal marmoset ovarian tissue displayed some more advanced follicle types (A, overview; B). Preantral follicles are indicated by arrowheads. Before grafting, only primordial and primary follicles were observed (C). Fertility and Sterility 2011 95, 1428-1434DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.11.003) Copyright © 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions