Evaluation & Assessment Ligament, Joint & Nerve Injuries

Introduction Watch the following video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7myRnJAm47k If you were the athletic trainer, what questions are you going to ask your QB? If you were a news reporter, what questions are you going to ask? http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&v=jHgEESzcG RA&NR=1

Evaluation & Assessment Ligament, Joint & Nerve Injuries Objective: Students will be able to: Define and differentiate between Ligament, Joint and Nerve Injuries

Ligament Injuries Sprain A stretching or tearing of the joint capsule or ligament. Results in a 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree injury.

First Degree Ligament Sprain One or more ligaments are stretched. Results in minor discomfort point tenderness little or no swelling Looking at the picture, what is the MOI? Use your terms!

Second Degree Ligament Sprain One or more ligaments are partially torn. Results in Pain Swelling Point tenderness Loss of function.

Third Degree Ligament Sprain One or more ligaments are completely torn. Results in Pain Rapid swelling Point tenderness Loss of function

Joint Injuries Dislocation A complete disruption of the bones that form a joint Results in Pain Deformity Lack of ROM

Joint Injuries A partial disruption of the bones that form a joint. Subluxation A partial disruption of the bones that form a joint. Athletes complain that their joint is “out of socket, but went back in” “Almost out of place” Results in Pain Decreased ROM Possible Deformity

Joint Injuries Osteoarthritis A wearing down of the joint articular cartilage due to repeated trauma. Results in Pain Inflammation Decreased ROM

Joint Injuries Bursa Bursitis A sac which contains synovial fluid located between tendons & bone to make joint’s movement easier. Bursitis Irritation & inflammation of a bursa.

Nerve Injuries Hypoesthesia A decreased sense of feeling. Results in Decreased Strength

Nerve Injuries Hyperesthesia An increased sense of feeling. Results in Excruciating Pain Complains of a “lightning sensation” Decreased motion to keep pain low

Nerve Injuries An abnormal sensation. Paresthesia An abnormal sensation. Includes numbness, tingling, prickling, burning & stinging. Results in Decreased/increased sensation Possible pain/no pain Decreased strength