Nature of Matter Chapter 2 Section 2.1

States of MATTER The FIVE different forms in which matter can exist (Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma, Bose-Einstein Complex) Solid: matter that has definite shape and volume Liquid: matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and takes the shape of its container Gas: matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container

Define the following terms: substance – a sample of matter having a constant (uniform or definite) composition. It can be either an element or a compound. element compound atom molecule allotropes

Define the following terms: substance element – a substance that cannot be decomposed (broken down) into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means. It consists of atoms all having the same atomic number. 88 naturally occurring Element names known to ancients: Au, Ag, Cu, Fe, C, S, Pb compound atom molecule allotropes

Define the following terms: substance element compound – a substance with constant composition that can be broken down into elements by chemical processes. atom molecule allotropes

Define the following terms: substance element compound atom – smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element; the fundamental unit of which elements are composed. molecule allotropes

Define the following terms: substance element compound atom molecule – a bonded collection of two or more atoms of the same element or different elements. A representative particle of a molecular compound. (Br2, CH4). allotropes

Define the following terms: substance element compound atom molecule allotropes - different physical forms of the same element (e.g. carbon – diamond, graphite, Buckminster fullerenes)

Gas Gas Gas 100 ºC Liquid Liquid Liquid 0 ºC Solid Solid

Phase Diagram K.E. Gas P.E. K.E. Liquid P.E. K.E. Solid

Kinetic Molecular Theory Video

Homework Read Sections 2.1 and 2.2 Answer Review Questions (pgs. 30, 34)