Plasma Formed elements Erythrocytes Platelets Leukocytes Chapter 10: BLOOD! Plasma Formed elements Erythrocytes Platelets Leukocytes

Separation of Blood Components Buffy Coat Centri = center Centrifuge activity: vial, pencil, string, dirty water

Water Solvent for transport. Miscellaneous Nutrients, Wastes, Plasma Water Solvent for transport. Homeostasis, Clotting, Plasma Proteins Immunity, Transport Miscellaneous Nutrients, Wastes, Gases, Hormones Salts Homeostasis

Formed Elements Leukocytes = white blood cells immunity Pg 299 Leukocytes = white blood cells immunity Platelets = clotting The layer produced by these two types of blood elements is called the “Buffy Coat.” Buffy Coat http://adam.about.com/care/Blood-clotting-animation.htm

Formed Elements Leukocytes: Neutrophils = phagocytes Pg 299 Leukocytes: Neutrophils = phagocytes Eosinophils = kills worms, fights allergies, neutralizes harmful chemicals Basophils = contain histamine to fight allergies and inflammation. Buffy Coat Leuko = white Cyte = cell http://adam.about.com/care/Blood-clotting-animation.htm

Formed Elements Leukocytes: Pg 299 Leukocytes: Lymphocytes = immunity B-cells: produces antibodies T-cells: fights tumors and viruses and activate B-cells

Formed Elements Leukocytes: Pg 299 Leukocytes: 5. Monocytes = phagocytes that become macrophages “Clean-up Team” = digests larger cells. Mono = one

Formed Elements Erythrocytes = red blood cells (RBCs) carries oxygen Pg 299 Erythrocytes = red blood cells (RBCs) carries oxygen Hemoglobin = part of erythrocyte that bonds to carries the oxygen and also can transport CO2 waste away erythro = red

Hematopoiesis = production of blood cells Occurs in bone marrow. Hemocytoblast = stem cell for blood Erythropoietin = hormone controlling the production of blood cells. http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/circulatory/adam-200028.htm

BLOOD Antigens are tiny receptors on the outside of the blood cell that matches the “type.” Blood cells have antigens and antibodies. Antibodies are what the cell doesn’t like (which is anything different from the “type.”)

Blood Types Anti-B Anti-A Type B Type A B A Antigens (none) Type AB Type O Anti-A and B none

Genetics of Blood type A A A or A i B BB or B i AB O i i pheno-type genotype antigen on RBC antibodies in blood donation status A A A or A i type A antigens on surface of RBC anti-B antibodies Receive A or O B BB or B i type B antigens on surface of RBC anti-A antibodies Receive B or O AB both type A & type B antigens on surface of RBC no antibodies universal recipient O i i no antigens on surface of RBC anti-A & anti-B antibodies universal donor

Rh Factors Rh comes from the rhesus monkey in which the factor was originally identified. Rh+ means the RBCs carry the Rh antigen. If an Rh- person receives Rh+ blood, their immune system will react to the transfusion and the patient’s antibodies will attack and kill the new blood cells. How could an Rh+ woman became pregnant with an Rh- baby and what would happen to the baby?

Bleeding Disorders Thrombocytopenia = not enough platelets to clot. Liver can’t produce clotting factors due to lack of Vitamin K. Hemophilia = several inherited bleeding diseases “Free bleeder” No platelets are present. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=96AC672C-54E2-43D0-B6FE-9D4B5C0500C4&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US