Anemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease

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Anemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease Arema A. Pereira, Mark J. Sarnak Kidney International Volume 64, Pages S32-S39 (November 2003) DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.64.s87.6.x Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Schematic relationship of left ventricular (LV) mass and hematocrit (Hct) in the general population. The U-shaped curve indicates an increase of cardiac mass with both anemia and polycythemia, albeit due to different mechanisms (upper panel). Reproduced with permission from reference [51]. Kidney International 2003 64, S32-S39DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.64.s87.6.x) Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier 30-day survival curves according to hematocrit (Hct) category.. Reproduced with permission from reference [44] Kidney International 2003 64, S32-S39DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.64.s87.6.x) Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Unadjusted mortality rate per 10,000 population for coronary heart disease and diseases of the heart among (A) men and (B) women aged 30 to 75years. Reproduced with permission from reference [57]. Kidney International 2003 64, S32-S39DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.64.s87.6.x) Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in men and women stratified by presence versus absence of anemia. Log-rank statistics were significant (P = 0.03 for men, P = 0.04 for women) for differences between anemic and non-anemic subjects. Dotted line represents anemia; solid line represents nonanemia. Reproduced with permission from reference [58]. Kidney International 2003 64, S32-S39DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.64.s87.6.x) Copyright © 2003 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions