Human Heredity- Karyotyping and Geneics Disoders

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Karyotypes and Sex-Linked Traits

Advertisements

Human Heredity.

Human Genetics Chapter 14 in the Textbook.

Pedigrees and Karyotypes

Chromosomes, Karyotypes, and Pedigrees Oh My! 14.1/14.2 1copyright cmassengale.

KARYOTYPE TESTS. KARYOTYPE =  Image of all the chromosomes from the nucleus of a cell  Can be done to identify genetic disorders.

 Human body cells have 46 paired chromosomes or 23 pairs of chromosomes.  Human gametes have 23 unpaired chromosomes  When a sperm and egg unite each.

Human Chromosomes. How many chromosomes do humans have? 46 In 23 pairs – one in each pair from mom, one from dad Matched pair = homologous chromosomes.

1copyright cmassengale. Aorganized picture arranged in pairs by size An organized picture of the chromosomes of a human arranged in pairs by size from.

KARYOTYPING What do your chromosomes look like?. Karyotype Cell treated with chemical to stop in metaphase Chromosomes stained Picture taken Enlarged.

Human Heredity Chapter 14. Human Chromosomes Chromosomes are only visible during cell division (mitosis/meiosis). To analyze chromosomes, biologist photograph.

Genes and Chromosomes. Gene Segment of DNA whose sequence codes for a specific product – Examples: physical trait, RNA, enzymes etc. Genes are located.

Genetics Pedigrees and Karyotypes

Karyotypes. 1. What is a karyotype? a. Picture of the 23 pairs of chromosomes.

KARYOTYPING Honors Biology. What and How? Used as a way to “see” the chromosomes Pairs up homologous chromosomes Allows for detection of several genetic.

A Chromosome Study Please pick up 1 set of chromosomes marked “normal” and 1 set of abnormal chromosomes labeled A B C or D, in addition to the lab handout.

Karyotypes and Nondisjunction

Genetics Pedigrees and Karyotypes. Karyotype What to look for in a karyotype? When analyzing a human karyotype, scientists first look for these main.

Chapter 14 The Human Genome Pg. 341.

Karyotype Notes. A karyotype is a “ picture ” of a person ’ s chromosomes. Each person has 46 chromosomes, in 23 pairs. Pairs 1-22 are called Autosomes.

Chapter 14 Human Genetics Human Chromosomes Genome = the full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA Karyotype = the complete.

Do Now ●Hand in your labs in the bin. ●What are karyotypes used for? ●What are three purposes that they serve?

Human Genetics: Karyotypes 46 TOTAL 23 homologous pairs.

Catalyst 1. Hemophilia (h) is a recessive genetic disorder carried on the X chromosome. If a man with hemophilia marries a woman who doesn’t have the.

Karyotypes Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes Autosomes: Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome (X or Y chromosome) – Humans.

Mrs. Howland Biology 10 Rev. Feb 2016

Wake-up #2 Brown eyes (B) is dominant to blue eyes (b). A blue eyed woman marries a man who is a carrier. They want to have blue eyed children. How much.

Karyotypes. How karyotypes are made… sist_safety_mode=1&safe=active.

Karyotypes copyright cmassengale.

Chapter 14 Human Heredity

Chapter 14: Human Heredity

The Human Genome Chapter 14.

Karyotypes and DNA Fingerprinting

Pedigrees and Karyotypes

Do Now Look at the karyotype below, what is the gender of the individual? How do you know? Is the karyotype considered normal? Why or why not?

Karyotypes Objective: 6H - describe how techniques such as DNA fingerprinting, genetic modifications, and chromosomal analysis are used to study the genomes.

A picture of chromosomes arranged by size and shape

Pedigrees and Karyotypes

Human Genetics EQ: How can genetic patterns be analyzed to determine dominant or recessive inheritance patterns?

Chromosomal Mutations & Karyotypes

Karyotypes & Chromosome Mutations

KARYOTYPING AND NON-DISJUNCTION

Tuesday March 28, 2017 I can: Agenda Catalyst HW: IP: Karyotypes

Pedigrees & Karyotypes

After writing your 4 lines, share with the person sitting next to you.

KARYOTYPES A diagram showing the arrangement of chromosomes aligned with their homologous chromosome Allows doctors to determine if an unborn child will.

What do your chromosomes look like?

Pedigrees and Karyotypes

Karyotypes & Chromosome Mutations

Title of notes: Karyotypes

KARYOTYPES A diagram showing the arrangement of chromosomes aligned with their homologous chromosome Allows doctors to determine if an unborn child will.

Karyotypes & Chromosome Mutations

Karyotypes& Chromosome Mutations

Human Karyotypes and Heredity

An Organized Picture of Your Chromosomes!!

Chromosome Mutations.

Human Chromosome and Karyotyping

What are they?? How do we use them?

Mutations: The Basis of Genetic Change

Warm Up Complete Edpuzzle on pedigrees

Sex-Linked Traits and Chromosomal Disorders

What are they?? How do we use them?

Bell Work 2. Which cells are NOT formed during meiosis? Somatic cells

Karyotypes Pages in textbook.

Presentation transcript:

Human Heredity- Karyotyping and Geneics Disoders

What makes us human? To analyze chromosomes, cell biologist photograph cells in mitosis, when the chromosomes are fully condensed and easy to see. Biologists then cut out the chromosomes and group them together in pairs. A picture of chromosomes arranged this way is known as a KARYOTYPE.

Human Karyotype

What Can Our Chromosomes Tell Us? They can tell us everything from the likelihood that an unborn baby will have a genetic disorder to whether a person will be male or female. Scientists often analyze chromosomes in prenatal testing and in diagnosing specific diseases.

Making a Karyotype A karyotype is an organized profile of a person's chromosomes. Chromosomes are arranged and numbered by size, from largest to smallest. This arrangement helps scientists quickly identify chromosomal alterations that may result in a genetic disorder.

Using Karyotypes to Predict Genetic Disorders A normal human karyotype has 46 chromosomes: 22 pairs of autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.

Karyotype of a Normal male Chromosome Number Homologous chromosomes Dark bands = Genes Autosomal chromosomes = non sex determining chromosomes, same shaped homologous Sex chromosomes

Sex chromosomes: X = female, Y = male X/Y = male X/X = female

Chromosomal disorders What if you have extra chromosome? What if you are missing a chromosome? Chromosomal disorders usually: Increase chance of having disorders, such as mental disability, sterility, and decrease life expectancy.

Chromosome 21 trisomy  Down syndrome Is anything wrong? Male Chromosome 21 trisomy  Down syndrome

Trisomy 21( extra on the 21st)- Down Syndrome • Redundant neck fold/flat occipital (back of the head) • Low set ears • Protruding/large tongue Wide space between 1st & 2nd toes

Trisomy 13 (47,XY,+13) – Cleft Lip

Cleft Lip- a split or indentation in the lip of a newborn baby.

Is anything wrong? X Turner’s syndrome

Is anything wrong? XXY Klinefelter’s syndrome

Color Blindness

Colorblindness 3 human genes associated with color vision are located on the X chromosome. Because males have one X chromosome, all the genes will be expressed, even if they are recessive. **Increase in Males!