Mutations.

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Chapter 13.3 (Pgs ): Mutations
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Presentation transcript:

Mutations

Mutations (pg8) Mutations - permanent alterations of DNA sequence Caused by Inaccurate copies of DNA Ultraviolet light Specific chemicals Radiation

Types of Mutations Point mutation - a single base pair is inserted, deleted, or substituted Substituted - a single base pair is switched Sickle Cell Anemia is an example of substitution

Insertions and deletions - cause frameshift mutations, can be one or more bases, changes the amino acids Shifts the order of the bases causing changes in amino acids

Silent Mutation - changes in base pairs that do not change the amino acid

Chromosomal Mutations Extra chromosome - trisomy Down Syndrome 3 Chromosome 21 One chromosome - monosomy Plants - Polyploidy - extra copy of all chromosomes

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